DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education

Federal Funds

Improving Elementary and Secondary Education

Improving Elementary and Secondary Education

(Legislative proposal, not subject to PAYGO)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0014–2–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Elementary and secondary education for the disadvantaged block grant 6,841



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 6,841

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 6,841
1900 Budget authority (total) 6,841
1930 Total budgetary resources available 6,841

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 6,841
3020 Outlays (gross) –274



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 6,567
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 6,567

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 6,841
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 274
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 6,841
4190 Outlays, net (total) 274

SUMMARY OF PROGRAM LEVEL (in millions of dollars)


2019–2020 Academic Year 2020–2021 Academic Year 2021–2022 Academic Year

New Budget Authority 0 0 $6,841
Advance appropriation 0 0 12,523
Total program level 0 0 19,363



Change in advance appropriation from the previous year 0 0 +12,523

Elementary and secondary education for the disadvantaged block grant.—Funds are allocated via formula for use by State educational agencies and local educational agencies (LEAs) in carrying out any purpose of the consolidated programs authorized by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and related laws and consistent with State-determined accountability plans. LEAs are generally required to prioritize their highest poverty schools when allocating funds. States assess annually all students in certain grades in at least English language arts, mathematics, and science; develop systems to differentiate among schools on the basis of performance on those assessments and other indicators; provide parents with information on the performance of their child's school; and ensure the development and implementation of support and improvement plans for the lowest-performing schools.

Education for the disadvantaged

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0900–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Grants to local educational agencies 15,857 16,341 10,841
0002 State agency programs: Migrants 375 375 7
0003 State agency programs: Neglected and delinquent 48 48
0004 Special programs for migrant students 45 45
0006 Comprehensive literacy development grants 189 190 192
0007 Innovative approaches to literacy 27



0799 Total direct obligations 16,541 16,999 11,040
0801 Reimbursable program activity 5



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 16,546 16,999 11,040

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 198 201 199
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 5,703 6,156
Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170 Advance appropriation 10,841 10,841 10,841
Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700 Collected 5
1900 Budget authority (total) 16,549 16,997 10,841
1930 Total budgetary resources available 16,747 17,198 11,040
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 201 199

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 11,148 11,417 10,738
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 16,546 16,999 11,040
3020 Outlays (gross) –16,268 –17,678 –16,569
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –9



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 11,417 10,738 5,209
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 11,148 11,417 10,738
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 11,417 10,738 5,209

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 16,549 16,997 10,841
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 6,661 7,834 7,589
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 9,607 9,844 8,980



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 16,268 17,678 16,569
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4033 Non-Federal sources –5
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 16,544 16,997 10,841
4190 Outlays, net (total) 16,263 17,678 16,569

SUMMARY OF PROGRAM LEVEL (in millions of dollars)


2019–2020 Academic Year 2020–2021 Academic Year 2021–2022 Academic Year

New Budget Authority $5,703 $6,156 0
Advance appropriation 10,841 10,841 0
Total program level 15,860 16,997 0



Change in advance appropriation from the previous year 0 0 -$10,841

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0900–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 6 10
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 9 5
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 5
25.5 Research and development contracts 4
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 5 5
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 16,516 16,974 11,040



99.0 Direct obligations 16,540 16,999 11,040
99.0 Reimbursable obligations 5
99.5 Adjustment for rounding 1



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 16,546 16,999 11,040

Impact Aid

For carrying out programs of financial assistance to federally affected schools authorized by title VII of the ESEA, $1,410,799,000, of which $1,340,242,000 shall be for basic support payments under section 7003(b), $48,316,000 shall be for payments for children with disabilities under section 7003(d), $17,406,000, to remain available through September 30, 2022, shall be for construction under section 7007(b), and $4,835,000, to remain available until expended, shall be for facilities maintenance under section 7008: Provided, That for purposes of computing the amount of a payment for an eligible local educational agency under section 7003(a) for school year 2020–2021, children enrolled in a school of such agency that would otherwise be eligible for payment under section 7003(a)(1)(B) of such Act, but due to the deployment of both parents or legal guardians, or a parent or legal guardian having sole custody of such children, or due to the death of a military parent or legal guardian while on active duty (so long as such children reside on Federal property as described in section 7003(a)(1)(B)), are no longer eligible under such section, shall be considered as eligible students under such section, provided such students remain in average daily attendance at a school in the same local educational agency they attended prior to their change in eligibility status.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0102–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Basic support payments 1,302 1,340 1,340
0002 Payments for children with disabilities 48 48 48



0091 Direct program activities, subtotal 1,350 1,388 1,388
0101 Facilities maintenance 12 5
0201 Construction 34 17
0301 Payments for Federal property 74 75



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 1,424 1,509 1,410

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 4 26 3
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 1,446 1,486 1,411
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,450 1,512 1,414
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 26 3 4

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 198 201 330
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1,424 1,509 1,410
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 176
3020 Outlays (gross) –1,421 –1,380 –1,445
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –176



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 201 330 295
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 198 201 330
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 201 330 295

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 1,446 1,486 1,411
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 1,242 1,320 1,252
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 179 60 193



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 1,421 1,380 1,445
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 1,446 1,486 1,411
4190 Outlays, net (total) 1,421 1,380 1,445

Impact Aid helps to replace the lost local revenue that would otherwise be available to educate federally connected children. The presence of certain students living on Federal property, such as students who are military dependents or who reside on Indian lands, can place a financial burden on local educational agencies (LEAs) that educate them. The property on which the children live and their parents work is exempt from local property taxes, limiting LEAs access a central source of revenue used by most communities to finance education.

Basic support payments.—Payments will be made on behalf of approximately 800,000 federally connected students enrolled in over 1,000 LEAs to assist them in meeting their operation and maintenance costs. Average per-student payments will be approximately $1,730.

Payments for children with disabilities.—Payments in addition to those provided under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) will be provided on behalf of approximately 50,000 federally connected students with disabilities in over 800 LEAs. Average per-student payments will be approximately $950.

Facilities Maintenance.—Funds will be used to provide emergency repairs for school facilities that serve military dependents and are owned by the Department of Education. Funds will also be used to transfer the facilities to LEAs.

Construction.—Approximately 7 to 8 construction grants will be awarded competitively to the highest-need Impact Aid LEAs for emergency repairs and modernization of school facilities.

School improvement programs

For carrying out school improvement activities authorized by part B of title I of the ESEA; the Compact of Free Association Amendments Act of 2003; and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, $392,374,000, of which $378,000,000 shall be for part B of title I of the ESEA and shall become available on July 1, 2021, and remain available through September 30, 2022: Provided , That $16,699,000 shall be available to carry out the Supplemental Education Grants program for the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands: Provided further, That the Secretary may reserve up to 5 percent of the amount referred to in the previous proviso to provide technical assistance in the implementation of these grants.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1000–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Supporting effective instruction State grants 2,046 2,138 1,681
0002 21st century community learning centers 1,224 1,255
0003 State assessments 383 381 369
0004 Education for homeless children and youths 93 102
0005 Native Hawaiians education 36 37
0006 Alaska Native education 35 35
0007 Training and advisory services 7 7 7
0008 Rural education 180 187
0009 Supplemental education grants 17 17 17
0010 Comprehensive centers 52 52
0011 Pooled evaluation 15 11
0012 Student support and academic enrichment 1,164 1,234



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 5,252 5,456 2,074

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 57 52 1
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 3,566 3,724 392
Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170 Advance appropriation 1,681 1,681 1,681
1900 Budget authority (total) 5,247 5,405 2,073
1930 Total budgetary resources available 5,304 5,457 2,074
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 52 1

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 5,710 6,201 6,377
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 5,252 5,456 2,074
3020 Outlays (gross) –4,747 –5,280 –5,332
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –14



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 6,201 6,377 3,119
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 5,710 6,201 6,377
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 6,201 6,377 3,119

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 5,247 5,405 2,073
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 898 1,083 1,017
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 3,849 4,197 4,315



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 4,747 5,280 5,332
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 5,247 5,405 2,073
4190 Outlays, net (total) 4,747 5,280 5,332

SUMMARY OF PROGRAM LEVEL (in millions of dollars)


2019–2020 Academic Year 2020–2021 Academic Year 2021–2022 Academic Year

New Budget Authority $3,566 $3,724 $392
Advance Appropriation 1,681 1,681 0
Total program level 5,247 5,405 392



Change in advance appropriation over previous year 0 0 –1,681

State assessments.—Funds support formula grants to States to develop and implement assessments that are aligned with college- and career-ready academic standards. Funds could also support audits of State and local assessment systems.

Training and advisory services.—Funds support grants to regional equity assistance centers that provide technical assistance to local educational agencies (LEAs) in addressing educational equity related to issues of race, sex, national origin, and religion.

Supplemental education grants.—Funds support grants to the Federated States of Micronesia and to the Republic of the Marshall Islands in place of grant programs in which those Freely Associated States no longer participate pursuant to the Compact of Free Association Amendments Act of 2003.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1000–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 15 16
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 24 25
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 7 8
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 2 3
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 5,204 5,404 2,074



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 5,252 5,456 2,074

Safe schools and citizenship education

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0203–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 School safety national activities 94 116
0002 Full-service community schools 17 25
0003 Promise neighborhoods 49 84 72



0500 Direct program activities, subtotal 160 225 72



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 160 225 72

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 54 87 72
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 191 210
1121 Appropriations transferred from other acct [091–0013] 2



1160 Appropriation, discretionary (total) 193 210
1930 Total budgetary resources available 247 297 72
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 87 72

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 273 269 295
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 160 225 72
3020 Outlays (gross) –160 –199 –185
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –4



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 269 295 182
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 273 269 295
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 269 295 182

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 193 210
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 1 4
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 159 195 185



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 160 199 185
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 193 210
4190 Outlays, net (total) 160 199 185

School safety national activities.—Funds would support activities to improve students' safety and well-being. These have funds been consolidated in the Elementary and Secondary Education for the Disadvantaged Block Grant, with funds reserved for continuation awards to existing grantees. This provides States with flexible resources to carry out school safety-related activities.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0203–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 8 8
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 151 217 72



99.0 Direct obligations 159 225 72
99.5 Adjustment for rounding 1



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 160 225 72

Indian education

For expenses necessary to carry out, to the extent not otherwise provided, title VI, part A of the ESEA, $180,739,000, of which $67,993,000 shall be for subpart 2 of part A of title VI and $7,365,000 shall be for subpart 3 of part A of title VI: Provided, That the 5 percent limitation in sections 6115(d), 6121(e), and 6133(g) of the ESEA on the use of funds for administrative purposes shall apply only to direct administrative costs: Provided further, That the Secretary may make awards under subpart 3 of Part A of title VI without regard to the funding limitation in section 6133(b)(1) of the ESEA: Provided further, That notwithstanding sections 6132(c)(2) and 6133(d)(1) of such Act, the Secretary may make such awards for a period of up to 5 years.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0101–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Grants to local educational agencies 105 106 106
0002 Special programs for Indian children 68 68 68
0003 National activities 7 7 7



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 180 181 181

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 180 181 181
1930 Total budgetary resources available 180 181 181

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 212 223 181
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 180 181 181
3020 Outlays (gross) –166 –223 –181
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –3



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 223 181 181
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 212 223 181
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 223 181 181

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 180 181 181
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 3 9 9
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 163 214 172



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 166 223 181
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 180 181 181
4190 Outlays, net (total) 166 223 181

The Indian Education programs support the efforts of local educational agencies (LEA), tribes, and Indian organizations to improve teaching and learning for the Nation's American Indian and Alaska Native children.

Grants to local educational agencies.—Formula grants support LEAs in their efforts to enhance and supplement elementary and secondary school programs that serve Indian students, with the goal of ensuring that such programs assist participating students in meeting the same academic standards as all other students.

Special programs for Indian children.—Funds support awards under the Demonstration Grants authority including for projects expanding educational choice, as well as professional development grants for training Native American teachers and administrators for employment in school districts that serve a high proportion of Indian students.

National activities.—Funds support research, evaluation, data collection, and related activities, grants for Native language immersion schools and programs, and grants to Tribes to create Tribal educational agencies and to expand the capacity of existing Tribal educational agencies through education administrative planning, development, and coordination.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0101–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 2 2 2
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 1 1 1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 177 178 178



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 180 181 181

Office of Innovation and Improvement

Federal Funds

Innovation and improvement

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0204–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Education, innovation and research 124 190
0002 Teacher and school leader incentive fund 200 200
0003 American history and civics 5 5
0004 Supporting effective educator development (SEED) 75 80
0005 Charter schools 462 461
0006 Magnet schools 114 107
0007 Ready to learn programming 28 29
0008 Arts in education 29 30
0009 Javits gifted and talented education 12 13
0010 Statewide family engagement centers 15 10



0799 Total direct obligations 1,064 1,125
0801 DC schools/SOAR Act 68 53 90



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,132 1,178 90

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 117 21
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 1,036 1,104
Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700 Collected 53 90
1900 Budget authority (total) 1,036 1,157 90
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,153 1,178 90
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 21

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 2,464 2,518 2,198
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1,132 1,178 90
3020 Outlays (gross) –1,004 –1,498 –1,122
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –74



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 2,518 2,198 1,166
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 2,464 2,518 2,198
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 2,518 2,198 1,166

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 1,036 1,157 90
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 6 23 2
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 998 1,475 1,120



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 1,004 1,498 1,122
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4033 Non-Federal sources –53 –90
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 1,036 1,104
4190 Outlays, net (total) 1,004 1,445 1,032

Funds for Charter schools, Magnet schools, education innovation research, JAVITs Gifted and Talented, Arts Education, Ready to Learn Television, History Teaching Academies, Statewide Family Engagement Centers, and Teacher professional development programs will be consolidated into the Elementary and Secondary Education for the Disadvantaged Block Grant. This consolidation provides States with flexible resources to allow them to determine how best to serve their students.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0204–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 1 1
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 15 15
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 1 1
25.5 Research and development contracts 1
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 1 1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 1,046 1,106



99.0 Direct obligations 1,064 1,125
99.0 Reimbursable obligations 68 53 90



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,132 1,178 90

Office of English Language Acquisition

Federal Funds

English Language Acquisition

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1300–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 English language acquisition grants 739 792

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 7 5
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 737 787
1930 Total budgetary resources available 744 792
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 5

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 1,101 1,090 1,082
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 739 792
3020 Outlays (gross) –749 –800 –764
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –1



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 1,090 1,082 318
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 1,101 1,090 1,082
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 1,090 1,082 318

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 737 787
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 3 8
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 746 792 764



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 749 800 764
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 737 787
4190 Outlays, net (total) 749 800 764

English language acquisition grants.—This program supports formula grants to States to improve services for English Learners. States are accountable for demonstrating that English Learners are making progress toward proficiency in English and meeting the same high State academic standards as all other students. Funds also support national activities, including professional development to increase the supply of high-quality teachers of English Learners and a national information clearinghouse on English language acquisition.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1300–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 2 2
25.5 Research and development contracts 3 3
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 734 787



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 739 792

Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services

Federal Funds

Special education

For carrying out the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the Special Olympics Sport and Empowerment Act of 2004, $13,985,228,000, of which $4,452,129,000 shall become available on July 1, 2021, and shall remain available through September 30, 2022, and of which $9,283,383,000 shall become available on October 1, 2021, and shall remain available through September 30, 2022, for academic year 2021–2022: Provided, That the amount for section 611(b)(2) of the IDEA shall be equal to the lesser of the amount available for that activity during fiscal year 2020, increased by the amount of inflation as specified in section 619(d)(2)(B) of the IDEA, or the percent change in the funds appropriated under section 611(i) of the IDEA, but not less than the amount for that activity during fiscal year 2020: Provided further, That the Secretary shall, without regard to section 611(d) of the IDEA, distribute to all other States (as that term is defined in section 611(g)(2)), subject to the third proviso, any amount by which a State's allocation under section 611, from funds appropriated under this heading, is reduced under section 612(a)(18)(B), according to the following: 85 percent on the basis of the States' relative populations of children aged 3 through 21 who are of the same age as children with disabilities for whom the State ensures the availability of a free appropriate public education under this part, and 15 percent to States on the basis of the States' relative populations of those children who are living in poverty: Provided further, That the Secretary may not distribute any funds under the previous proviso to any State whose reduction in allocation from funds appropriated under this heading made funds available for such a distribution: Provided further, That the States shall allocate such funds distributed under the second proviso to local educational agencies in accordance with section 611(f): Provided further, That the amount by which a State's allocation under section 611(d) of the IDEA is reduced under section 612(a)(18)(B) and the amounts distributed to States under the previous provisos in fiscal year 2012 or any subsequent year shall not be considered in calculating the awards under section 611(d) for fiscal year 2013 or for any subsequent fiscal years: Provided further, That, notwithstanding the provision in section 612(a)(18)(B) regarding the fiscal year in which a State's allocation under section 611(d) is reduced for failure to comply with the requirement of section 612(a)(18)(A), the Secretary may apply the reduction specified in section 612(a)(18)(B) over a period of consecutive fiscal years, not to exceed five, until the entire reduction is applied: Provided further, That the Secretary may, in any fiscal year in which a State's allocation under section 611 is reduced in accordance with section 612(a)(18)(B), reduce the amount a State may reserve under section 611(e)(1) by an amount that bears the same relation to the maximum amount described in that paragraph as the reduction under section 612(a)(18)(B) bears to the total allocation the State would have received in that fiscal year under section 611(d) in the absence of the reduction: Provided further, That the Secretary shall either reduce the allocation of funds under section 611 for any fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the State fails to comply with the requirement of section 612(a)(18)(A) as authorized by section 612(a)(18)(B), or seek to recover funds under section 452 of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1234a): Provided further, That the funds reserved under 611(c) of the IDEA may be used to provide technical assistance to States to improve the capacity of the States to meet the data collection requirements of sections 616 and 618 and to administer and carry out other services and activities to improve data collection, coordination, quality, and use under parts B and C of the IDEA: Provided further, That the Secretary may use funds made available for the State Personnel Development Grants program under part D, subpart 1 of IDEA to evaluate program performance under such subpart: Provided further, That States may use funds reserved for other State-level activities under sections 611(e)(2) and 619(f) of the IDEA to make subgrants to local educational agencies, institutions of higher education, other public agencies, and private non-profit organizations to carry out activities authorized by those sections: Provided further, That, notwithstanding section 643(e)(2)(A) of the IDEA, if 5 or fewer States apply for grants pursuant to section 643(e) of such Act, the Secretary shall provide a grant to each State in an amount equal to the maximum amount described in section 643(e)(2)(B) of such Act: Provided further, That if more than 5 States apply for grants pursuant to section 643(e) of the IDEA, the Secretary shall award funds to those States on the basis of the States' relative populations of infants and toddlers except that no such State shall receive a grant in excess of the amount described in section 643(e)(2)(B) of such Act.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0300–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Grants to States 12,360 12,774 12,874
0002 Preschool grants 391 394 394
0003 Grants for infants and families 470 477 477



0091 Subtotal, State grants 13,221 13,645 13,745
0101 State personnel development 39 39 39
0102 Technical assistance and dissemination 43 44 44
0103 Personnel preparation 87 90 90
0104 Parent information centers 27 27 27
0105 Educational technology, media, and materials 28 30 30



0191 Subtotal, National activities 224 230 230
0201 Special Olympics education program 17 20 20



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 13,462 13,895 13,995

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 16 20 10
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 4,185 4,602 4,702
Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170 Advance appropriation 9,283 9,283 9,283
1900 Budget authority (total) 13,468 13,885 13,985
1930 Total budgetary resources available 13,484 13,905 13,995
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940 Unobligated balance expiring –2
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 20 10

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 7,925 8,202 8,354
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 13,462 13,895 13,995
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 2
3020 Outlays (gross) –13,180 –13,743 –13,846
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –7



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 8,202 8,354 8,503
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 7,925 8,202 8,354
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 8,202 8,354 8,503

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 13,468 13,885 13,985
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 6,086 6,347 6,352
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 7,094 7,396 7,494



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 13,180 13,743 13,846
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 13,468 13,885 13,985
4190 Outlays, net (total) 13,180 13,743 13,846

SUMMARY OF IDEA FORMULA GRANTS PROGRAM LEVELS (in millions of dollars)


2019–2020 Academic Year 2020–2021 Academic Year 2021–2022 Academic Year

Current Budget Authority 4,185 4,602 4,702
Advance appropriation 9,283 9,283 9,283
Total program level 13,469 13,885 13,985



Change in advance appropriation from the previous year 0 0 0

Grants to States.—Formula grants are provided to States to assist them in providing special education and related services to children with disabilities ages 3 through 21.

Preschool grants.—Formula grants provide additional funds to States to further assist them in providing special education and related services to children with disabilities ages 3 through 5 served under the Grants to States program. The goal of both of the Grants to States and the Preschool grants programs is to improve results for children with disabilities by assisting State and local educational agencies (LEAs) to provide children with disabilities with access to high quality education that will help them meet challenging standards and prepare them for employment and independent living. LEAs may reserve up to 15 percent of the funds they receive under Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act to provide comprehensive coordinated early intervening services to children age 3 through grade 12.

Grants for infants and families.—Formula grants are provided to assist States to implement statewide systems of coordinated, comprehensive, multi-disciplinary interagency programs to provide early intervention services to children with disabilities, birth through age two, and their families. The goal of this program is to help States provide a comprehensive system of early intervention services that will enhance child and family outcomes.

National activities.—Funds are provided for personnel preparation and development, technical assistance, and other activities to support State efforts to improve results for children with disabilities under the State Grants programs. The goal of National Activities is to link States, school systems, and families to best practices to improve results for infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.

Special Olympics education programs.—Funds are provided to promote the expansion of the Special Olympics and the design and implementation of Special Olympics education programs.

Performance data related to program goals include:

Basis for Leaving Special Education for Youth with Disabilities Ages 14 and Older


2015–2016 Actual 2016–2017 Actual 2017–2018 Actual


Status of Exiting Students

Percent / number of students with disabilities aged 14–21 exiting special education:
Graduated with a diploma 44.9% / 269,246 45.7% / 278,704 47.5% / 300,447
Graduated through certification 7.1% / 42,590 7.0% / 42,682 6.4% / 40,312
Transferred to regular education 9.3% / 56,113 10.3% / 62,465 9.5% / 60,189
Dropped out of school/not known to continue 11.2% / 67,305 11.1% / 67,753 40.4% / 66,113
Moved, but known to have continued in education 26.5% / 158,889 24.9% / 151,589 25.2% / 159,302
Reached maximum age for services/other 1.0% / 6,284 1.0% / 6,173 1.0% / 6,383
Total 100% / 600,427 100% / 609,366 100% / 632,746

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0300–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 1 1 1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 13,461 13,894 13,994



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 13,462 13,895 13,995

Rehabilitation services

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Helen Keller National Center Act, $3,782,952,000, of which $3,667,801,000 shall be for grants for vocational rehabilitation services under title I of the Rehabilitation Act.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0301–0–1–506 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Vocational rehabilitation State grants 3,304 3,397 3,668
0002 Client assistance State grants 13 13 13
0003 Supported employment State grants 22 23
0004 Training 30 29 29
0005 Demonstration and Training Programs 5 6 6
0006 Independent living services for older blind individuals 33 33 33
0007 Protection and advocacy of individual rights 18 18 18
0008 Helen Keller National Center 14 16 16



0100 Total direct program 3,439 3,535 3,783



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 3,439 3,535 3,783

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 135 138 115
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 3,522 3,610 3,668
1230 Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced –218 –213



1260 Appropriations, mandatory (total) 3,304 3,397 3,668
1900 Budget authority (total) 3,439 3,535 3,783
1930 Total budgetary resources available 3,439 3,535 3,783

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 2,039 2,257 1,955
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 3,439 3,535 3,783
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 6
3020 Outlays (gross) –3,176 –3,837 –3,670
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –51



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 2,257 1,955 2,068
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 2,039 2,257 1,955
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 2,257 1,955 2,068

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 135 138 115
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 64 69 58
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 129 85 69



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 193 154 127
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 3,304 3,397 3,668
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 1,502 1,698 1,834
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 1,481 1,985 1,709



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 2,983 3,683 3,543
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 3,439 3,535 3,783
4190 Outlays, net (total) 3,176 3,837 3,670

Vocational rehabilitation State grants.—The basic State grants program provides Federal matching funds to State vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies to assist individuals with physical or mental impairments to become gainfully employed. Services are tailored to the specific needs of the individual. Priority is given to serving those with the most significant disabilities. In 2019, State VR agencies assisted an estimated 143,523 individuals with disabilities to obtain an employment outcome, about 94 percent of whom were individuals with significant disabilities. VR State Grants is a core program of the workforce development system under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) and a required partner in the one-stop service delivery system for accessing employment and training services. Amendments made by WIOA require State VR agencies to reserve and use at least 15 percent of their Federal grant allotment to support pre-employment transition services for students with disabilities provided in accordance with section 113 of the Rehabilitation Act. Between 1.0 percent and 1.5 percent of the funds appropriated for the VR State grants program must be set aside for Grants for Indians. The request for the VR State Grants program includes the CPIU adjustment specified in the authorizing statute.

Client assistance State grants.—Formula grants are made to States to provide assistance in informing and advising clients and applicants about benefits available under the Rehabilitation Act and, if requested, to pursue legal or administrative remedies to ensure the protection of the rights of individuals with disabilities.

Training.—Grants are made to States and public or nonprofit agencies and organizations, including institutions of higher education, to increase the number of skilled personnel available for employment in the field of rehabilitation and to upgrade the skills of those already employed.

Demonstration and training programs.—Competitive grants and contracts are awarded to expand and improve the provision and effectiveness of programs and services authorized under the Rehabilitation Act or further the purposes of the Act in promoting the employment and independence of individuals with disabilities in the community. Funds are used to support model demonstrations, technical assistance, and projects designed to improve program performance and the delivery of vocational rehabilitation and independent living services.

Independent living services for older individuals who are blind.—Grants are awarded to States to assist individuals over the age of 55 with severe visual disabilities to adjust to their disability and increase their ability to care for their own needs.

Protection and advocacy of individual rights.—Formula grants are made to State protection and advocacy systems to protect the legal and human rights of individuals with disabilities.

Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults.—The Center provides services to deaf-blind youths and adults and provides training and technical assistance to professional and allied personnel at its national headquarters center and through its regional representatives and affiliate agencies.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0301–0–1–506 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 1 1 1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 3,438 3,534 3,782



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 3,439 3,535 3,783

american printing house for the blind

For carrying out the Act to Promote the Education of the Blind of March 3, 1879, $32,431,000.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0600–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 American printing house for the blind 30 32 32



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 30 32 32

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 30 32 32
1930 Total budgetary resources available 30 32 32

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 10 10 8
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 30 32 32
3020 Outlays (gross) –30 –34 –32



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 10 8 8
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 10 10 8
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 10 8 8

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 30 32 32
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 20 24 24
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 10 10 8



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 30 34 32
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 30 32 32
4190 Outlays, net (total) 30 34 32

The 2021 request supports: the production and distribution of free educational materials for students below the college level who are blind; research related to developing and improving products; and advisory services to consumer organizations on the availability and use of materials. In 2019, the portion of the Federal appropriation allocated to educational materials represented approximately 70 percent of the Printing House's total sales. The full 2019 appropriation represented approximately 61 percent of the Printing House's total budget. The 2021 request is expected to be allocated in a similar manner.

National technical institute for the deaf

For the National Technical Institute for the Deaf under titles I and II of the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986, $79,500,000: Provided, That from the total amount available, the Institute may at its discretion use funds for the endowment program as authorized under section 207 of such Act.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0601–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Operations 78 80 80



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 78 80 80

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 78 80 80
1930 Total budgetary resources available 78 80 80

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 4 7 2
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 78 80 80
3020 Outlays (gross) –75 –85 –80



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 7 2 2
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 4 7 2
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 7 2 2

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 78 80 80
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 72 79 79
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 3 6 1



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 75 85 80
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 78 80 80
4190 Outlays, net (total) 75 85 80

This program provides postsecondary technical and professional education for individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing, provides training, and conducts applied research into employment-related aspects of deafness. In 2019, the Federal appropriation represented approximately 76 percent of the Institute's operating budget. The 2021 request includes funds that may be used for the Endowment Grant program.

Gallaudet university

For the Kendall Demonstration Elementary School, the Model Secondary School for the Deaf, and the partial support of Gallaudet University under titles I and II of the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986, $137,361,000: Provided, That from the total amount available, the University may at its discretion use funds for the endowment program as authorized under section 207 of such Act.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0602–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Operations 134 137 137



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 134 137 137

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 134 137 137
1930 Total budgetary resources available 134 137 137

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 13 1
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 134 137 137
3020 Outlays (gross) –121 –149 –137



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 13 1 1
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 13 1
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 13 1 1

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 134 137 137
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 121 136 136
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 13 1



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 121 149 137
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 134 137 137
4190 Outlays, net (total) 121 149 137

This institution provides undergraduate, continuing education, and graduate programs for students who are deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing. The University also conducts basic and applied research and provides public service programs for persons with hearing loss and persons who work with them.

The University operates the Laurent Clerc National Deaf Education Center, which includes elementary and secondary education programs on the main campus of the University serving students who are deaf or hard of hearing. The Kendall Demonstration Elementary School serves students from birth through grade 8, and the Model Secondary School for the Deaf serves high school students in grades 9 through 12. The Clerc Center also develops and disseminates information on effective educational techniques and strategies for teachers and professionals working with students who are deaf or hard of hearing.

In 2019, the appropriation for Gallaudet represented approximately 68 percent of total revenue for the University. Approximately 25 percent of the Federal appropriation was used to support activities at the Clerc Center, which received nearly 100 percent of its revenue through the appropriation. In addition, the University receives other Federal funds such as student financial aid, vocational rehabilitation, Endowment Grant program income, and competitive grants and contracts. The 2021 request includes funds that may be used for the Endowment Grant program.

Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education

Federal Funds

Career, technical, and adult education

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 ("Perkins Act") and the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act ("AEFLA"), $2,723,265,000, of which $1,932,265,000 shall become available on July 1, 2021, and shall remain available through September 30, 2022, and of which $791,000,000 shall become available on October 1, 2021, and shall remain available through September 30, 2022: Provided, That notwithstanding section 114(e)(1) of the Perkins Act, $82,579,000 shall be available for innovation and modernization grants under section 114(e) of such Act and for activities to support such grants: Provided further, That of the amounts made available for AEFLA, $13,712,000 shall be for national leadership activities under section 242.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0400–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Career and Technical Education State Grants 1,262 1,283 1,963
0002 Career and Technical Education National Activities 9 7 90



0091 Subtotal, Career and Technical 1,271 1,290 2,053
0101 Adult Basic and Literacy Education State Grants 656 657 657
0102 Adult Education National Leadership Activities 14 14 14



0191 Subtotal, Adult Education 670 671 671



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,941 1,961 2,724

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 22 20 20
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 13



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 35 20 20
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 1,135 1,170 1,932
Advance appropriations, discretionary:
1170 Advance appropriation 791 791 791
1900 Budget authority (total) 1,926 1,961 2,723
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,961 1,981 2,743
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 20 20 19

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 1,601 1,730 1,781
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1,941 1,961 2,724
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 7
3020 Outlays (gross) –1,798 –1,910 –1,983
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –13
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –8



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 1,730 1,781 2,522
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 1,601 1,730 1,781
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 1,730 1,781 2,522

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 1,926 1,961 2,723
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 523 612 651
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 1,275 1,298 1,332



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 1,798 1,910 1,983
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 1,926 1,961 2,723
4190 Outlays, net (total) 1,798 1,910 1,983

SUMMARY OF PROGRAM LEVEL (in millions of dollars)


2019–2020 Academic Year 2020–2021 Academic Year 2021–2022 Academic Year

New Budget Authority 1,135 1,170 1,932
Advance Appropriation 791 791 791
Total program level 1,926 1,961 2,723



Change in advance appropriation over previous year 0 0 0

Career and Technical Education:

Career and technical education State grants.—Funds support formula grants to States to expand and improve career and technical education (CTE) in high schools, technical schools, and community colleges under the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006, as amended. The request aligns with the Administration's agenda to expand and reform America's workforce preparation system.

Career and technical education national programs.—Funds support research, development, dissemination, evaluation, assessment, capacity building, and technical assistance activities aimed at improving the quality and effectiveness of CTE programs under the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006, as amended. Funds would also support a significant expansion of the Innovation and Modernization grants program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, including computer science.

Adult Education:

Adult education State programs.—Funds support formula grants to States to help eliminate functional illiteracy among the Nation's adults, to assist adults in obtaining a high school diploma or its equivalent, and to promote family literacy. A portion of the funds is reserved for formula grants to States to provide English literacy and civics education for immigrants and other limited English proficient adults.

Adult education national leadership activities.—Funds support discretionary activities to evaluate the effectiveness of Federal, State, and local adult education programs, to test and demonstrate methods of improving program quality, and to provide technical assistance to States.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0400–0–1–501 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 18 18 18
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 2 2 2
25.5 Research and development contracts 1 1 1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 1,920 1,940 2,703



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,941 1,961 2,724

Career and Technical Education State Grants, H-1B Funded

Career and Technical Education State Grants, H-1B Funded

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–5660–4–2–504 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Career and Technical Education State Grants, H-1B Funded 117



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 117

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1201 Appropriation (special or trust fund) 117
1930 Total budgetary resources available 117

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 117
3020 Outlays (gross) –6



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 111
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 111

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 117
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 6
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 117
4190 Outlays, net (total) 6

The Budget proposes authorizing legislation to double the American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act (ACWIA) fee for the H-1B visa program in order to help train American workers and close the skills gap. The proposal would increase the AWCIA fee to $3,000 per worker for large employers and $1,500 per worker for small employers. The increased revenue would provide additional funding for Department of Labor (DOL) job training grants to support apprenticeship and continue to support other job training and related expenses at DOL, Department of Homeland Security, and the National Science Foundation. In addition, this proposal would initiate a new set-aside for the Department of Education's Career and Technical Education State Grants.

Office of Postsecondary Education

Federal Funds

Higher education

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, titles III, IV, V, and VII of the HEA, and section 117 of the Perkins Act, $1,788,634,000.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0201–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Strengthening institutions 100 108
0002 Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities 60 65 67
0003 Strengthening Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions 19 32
0004 Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) 362 405 410
0005 Strengthening historically Black graduate institutions 73 84 84
0007 Strengthening predominantly Black institutions 25 27
0008 Strengthening Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions 8 9
0009 Strengthening Native American-serving nontribal institutions 8 9
0010 Minority science and engineering improvement 11 13 150
0011 Strengthening historically Black masters programs 9 10 10



0091 Subtotal, aid for institutional development 675 762 721
0101 Developing Hispanic-serving institutions 124 143
0102 Developing Hispanic-serving institution STEM and articulation programs 93 94
0103 Promoting baccalaureate opportunities for Hispanic Americans 11 13
0104 International education and foreign language studies 72 76
0105 Model transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities 11 12 12
0106 Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions 10 10 10



0191 Subtotal, other aid for institutions 321 348 22
0201 Federal TRIO programs 1,060 1,090 950
0202 Gaining early awareness and readiness for undergraduate programs (GEAR UP) 360 365
0203 Graduate assistance in areas of national need 23 23
0204 Child care access means parents in school 50 53 15



0291 Subtotal, assistance for students 1,493 1,531 965
0301 Fund for the improvement of postsecondary education (FIPSE) 5 25
0302 Teacher quality partnerships 43 50



0391 Assistance for students, subtotal 48 75
0401 Consolidated MSI Grant 336



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 2,537 2,716 2,044

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 1
1001 Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1 1
1012 Unobligated balance transfers between expired and unexpired accounts 117



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 118
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 2,312 2,476 1,789
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 255 255 255
1230 Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced –16 –15



1260 Appropriations, mandatory (total) 239 240 255
1900 Budget authority (total) 2,551 2,716 2,044
1930 Total budgetary resources available 2,669 2,716 2,044
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940 Unobligated balance expiring –132

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 3,495 3,544 3,722
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 2,537 2,716 2,044
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 1
3020 Outlays (gross) –2,451 –2,538 –2,628
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –38



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 3,544 3,722 3,138
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 3,495 3,544 3,722
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 3,544 3,722 3,138

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 2,312 2,476 1,789
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 30 74 54
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 2,168 2,177 2,324



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 2,198 2,251 2,378
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4033 Non-Federal sources –1
Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4052 Offsetting collections credited to expired accounts 1



4070 Budget authority, net (discretionary) 2,312 2,476 1,789
4080 Outlays, net (discretionary) 2,197 2,251 2,378
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 239 240 255
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 7 8
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 253 280 242



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 253 287 250
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 2,551 2,716 2,044
4190 Outlays, net (total) 2,450 2,538 2,628

Notes.— The Budget incorporates the effects of the Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act (Public Law 116–91) except for the effects on student loans.

Aid for institutional development:

Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities.—Funds support grants to American Indian tribally controlled colleges and universities with scarce resources to enable them to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening historically Black colleges and universities.—Funds support grants to help historically Black undergraduate institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening historically Black graduate institutions.—Funds support grants to historically Black graduate institutions to improve and expand their capacity to serve students and to strengthen management and fiscal operations.

Strengthening HBCU Masters program.—Funds support grants to historically Black institutions to improve graduate education opportunities at the Masters level in scientific disciplines in which African Americans are underrepresented.

Minority science and engineering improvement.—Funds support grants to predominantly minority institutions in Opportunity Zones for projects that help prepare the future generation of professionals in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers, including computer science, while also serving as engines of innovation and economic development in distressed communities.

Other aid for institutions:

Model transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities into higher education.—Funds support grants to institutions of higher education or consortia of such institutions to create or expand high quality, inclusive model comprehensive transition and postsecondary programs for students with intellectual disabilities.

Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions.—Funds support the operation and improvement of eligible tribally controlled postsecondary career institutions to ensure continued and expanded educational opportunities for Indian students.

Assistance for students:

Federal TRIO programs.—Funds would support the transition to a single State formula grant program that would support all existing TRIO activities, as well as those authorized under Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and the College Assistance Migrant Program (CAMP), to help low-income and other disadvantaged students progress through the academic pipeline from middle school through college.

Child care access means parents in school.—Funds support a program designed to bolster the participation of low-income parents in postsecondary education through the provision of campus-based child care services.

Consolidated MSI Grant.—Discretionary and mandatory funds would support grants allocated by institutional formula to minority-serving institutions that are currently eligible to receive competitive grants under certain programs currently authorized in Titles III and V of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended. These include Strengthening Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving Institutions program, Strengthening Predominantly Black Institutions program, Strengthening Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving Institutions program, Strengthening Native American-serving Nontribal Institutions program, Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions program, Developing Hispanic-serving institutions Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math and articulation programs, and Promoting Postbaccalaureate Opportunities for Hispanic Americans program.

Pooled Evaluation.—Requested authority would enable the Department to reserve up to 0.5 percent of funding annually appropriated for certain Higher Education Act (HEA) programs for rigorous program evaluation, data collection, and analysis of outcome data.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0201–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 2 4 2
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 1 1
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 2 4 2
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 2,532 2,707 2,040



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 2,537 2,716 2,044

Howard University

For partial support of Howard University, $240,018,000, of which not less than $3,405,000 shall be for a matching endowment grant pursuant to the Howard University Endowment Act and shall remain available until expended.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0603–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 General support 210 213 213
0002 Howard University Hospital 27 27 27



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 237 240 240

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 237 240 240
1930 Total budgetary resources available 237 240 240

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 3 4 4
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 237 240 240
3020 Outlays (gross) –236 –240 –240



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 4 4 4
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 3 4 4
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 4 4 4

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 237 240 240
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 233 238 238
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 3 2 2



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 236 240 240
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 237 240 240
4190 Outlays, net (total) 236 240 240

Howard University is a private, nonprofit institution of higher education consisting of 13 schools and colleges. Federal funds are used to provide partial support for University programs as well as for the Howard University Hospital, a teaching facility. In 2020, the Federal appropriation represented approximately 30 percent of the University's revenue and 10 percent of the Hospital's revenue. The 2021 request is expected to be allocated in a similar manner.

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Program

For Federal administrative expenses to carry out activities related to existing facility loans pursuant to section 121 of the HEA, $435,000.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0241–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0701 Direct loan subsidy 18 32 18
0703 Subsidy for modifications of direct loans 13 26 20
0705 Reestimates of direct loan subsidy 12
0706 Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy 21 10
0709 Administrative expenses 1 1 1



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 65 69 39

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 20 20 8
1001 Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1 20
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 41 47 41
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 32 10
1900 Budget authority (total) 73 57 41
1930 Total budgetary resources available 93 77 49
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940 Unobligated balance expiring –8
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 20 8 10

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 18 29 12
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 65 69 39
3020 Outlays (gross) –54 –59 –39
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –27



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 29 12 12
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 18 29 12
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 29 12 12

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 41 47 41
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 15 47 39
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 7 2



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 22 49 39
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 32 10
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 32 10
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 73 57 41
4190 Outlays, net (total) 54 59 39

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0241–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115002 Historically Black Colleges and Universities 221 341 220



115999 Total direct loan levels 221 341 220
Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132002 Historically Black Colleges and Universities 8.08 9.50 7.96



132999 Weighted average subsidy rate 8.08 9.50 7.96
Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133002 Historically Black Colleges and Universities 18 32 18



133999 Total subsidy budget authority 18 32 18
Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134002 Historically Black Colleges and Universities 20 48 38



134999 Total subsidy outlays 20 48 38
Direct loan reestimates:
135002 Historically Black Colleges and Universities 27 –38



135999 Total direct loan reestimates 27 –38

Administrative expense data:
3510 Budget authority 1 1 1
3590 Outlays from new authority 1 1 1

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this account records the subsidy costs associated with the direct loans obligated and loan guarantees committed in 1992 and beyond, as well as any administrative expenses for the College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans (CHAFL) Program and the Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Capital Financing Program. The subsidy amounts are estimated on a present value basis; the administrative expenses are on a cash basis. These programs are administered separately but consolidated in the Budget for presentation purposes.

College housing and academic facilities loans program.—Funds for this activity pay the Federal costs of administering CHAFL, College Housing Loans (CHL), and Higher Education Facilities Loans (HEFL) programs. Prior to 1994, these programs provided financing for the construction, reconstruction, and renovation of housing, academic, and other educational facilities. Although no new loans have been awarded since 1993, the Department of Education will incur costs for administering the outstanding loans through 2030.

Historically Black college and university (HBCU) capital financing program.—The HBCU Capital Financing Program provides HBCUs with access to capital financing for the repair, renovation, and construction of classrooms, libraries, laboratories, dormitories, instructional equipment, and research instrumentation. The authorizing statute gives the Department authority to enter into insurance agreements with a private for-profit Designated Bonding Authority. The bonding authority issues the loans and maintains an escrow account in which five percent of each institution's principal is deposited.

Employment Summary


Identification code 091–0241–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

1001 Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment 4 4 4

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4252–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 1 1



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1 1

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 1 2
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 1
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 1 1 1
1900 Budget authority (total) 1 2 1
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1 3 3
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 1 2 2

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1 1
3020 Outlays (gross) –1 –1

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 1 2 1
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 1 1
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123 Interest repayments –1 –1 –1
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 1
4190 Outlays, net (total) –1

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4252–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 4 4 4



1290 Outstanding, end of year 4 4 4

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the College Housing and Academic Facilities loan program. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4252–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 4 4
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –1 –1


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 3 3


1999 Total assets 3 3
LIABILITIES:
2103 Federal liabilities: Debt 3 3


4999 Total liabilities and net position 3 3

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0242–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 2 2 2



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 43.0) 2 2 2

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 7 5
1022 Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund –7 –5
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 1 1 1
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 9 11 11
1820 Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund –8 –8
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –3 –2 –2



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 6 1 1
1900 Budget authority (total) 7 2 2
1930 Total budgetary resources available 7 2 2
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 5

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 1 1 1
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 2 2 2
3020 Outlays (gross) –2 –2 –2



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 1 1 1
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 1 1 1
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 1 1 1

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 7 2 2
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 2 2 2
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123 Non-Federal sources –9 –11 –11
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –2 –9 –9
4190 Outlays, net (total) –7 –9 –9

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0242–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 35 28 26
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –3 –2 –2
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –4



1290 Outstanding, end of year 28 26 24

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, the College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating Account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from direct loans obligated prior to 1992. This account includes loans made under the College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans, College Housing Loans, and Higher Education Facilities Loans programs, which continue to be administered separately.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0242–0–1–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 8 6
1601 Direct loans, gross 35 28
1602 Interest receivable 4 4
1603 Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-) –11 –10


1699 Value of assets related to direct loans 28 22


1999 Total assets 36 28
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2103 Debt 16 13
2104 Resources payable to Treasury 8 12


2999 Total liabilities 24 25
NET POSITION:
3100 Unexpended appropriations 2 2
3300 Cumulative results of operations 10 1


3999 Total net position 12 3


4999 Total liabilities and net position 36 28

Historically black college and university capital financing program account

For the cost of guaranteed loans, $20,150,000, as authorized pursuant to part D of title III of the HEA, which shall remain available through September 30, 2022: Provided, That such costs, including the cost of modifying such loans, shall be as defined in section 502 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974: Provided further, That these funds are available to subsidize total loan principal, any part of which is to be guaranteed, not to exceed $220,000,000: Provided further, That these funds may be used to support loans to public and private Historically Black Colleges and Universities without regard to the limitations within section 344(a) of the HEA.

In addition, $20,000,000 shall be made available to provide for the deferment of loans made under part D of title III of the HEA to eligible institutions that are private Historically Black Colleges and Universities, which apply for the deferment of such a loan and demonstrate financial need for such deferment by having a score of 2.6 or less on the Department of Education's financial responsibility test: Provided, That the loan has not been paid in full and is not paid in full during the period of deferment: Provided further, That during the period of deferment of such a loan, interest on the loan will not accrue or be capitalized, and the period of deferment shall be for at least a period of 3-fiscal years and not more than 6-fiscal years: Provided further, That funds available under this paragraph shall be used to fund eligible deferment requests submitted for this purpose in fiscal year 2018: Provided further, That the Secretary shall create and execute an outreach plan to work with States and the Capital Financing Advisory Board to improve outreach to States and help additional public Historically Black Colleges and Universities participate in the program.

In addition, for administrative expenses to carry out the Historically Black College and University Capital Financing Program entered into pursuant to part D of title III of the HEA, $334,000.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4255–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0004 Interest paid to Treasury (FFB) 50 50 56
0006 Deferment Mod expenses 34



0091 Direct program activities, subtotal 84 50 56
Credit program obligations:
0710 Direct loan obligations 221 341 220
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 4 42
0743 Interest on downward reestimates 2 6



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 227 389 220



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 311 439 276

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 169 182 187
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 221 331 220
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 164 190 192
1820 Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund –1
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –60 –77 –93



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 103 113 99
1900 Budget authority (total) 324 444 319
1930 Total budgetary resources available 493 626 506
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 182 187 230

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 230 360 458
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 311 439 276
3020 Outlays (gross) –181 –341 –332



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 360 458 402
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 230 360 458
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 360 458 402

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 324 444 319
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 181 341 332
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Federal sources –53 –58 –38
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –7 –5 –5
4123 Interest repayments –44 –50 –56
4123 Principal repayments –60 –77 –93



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –164 –190 –192



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) 160 254 127
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 17 151 140
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 160 254 127
4190 Outlays, net (total) 17 151 140

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4255–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 221 341 220



1150 Total direct loan obligations 221 341 220

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 1,452 1,482 1,741
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 90 336 223
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –60 –77 –93



1290 Outstanding, end of year 1,482 1,741 1,871

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this non-budgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Federal Government resulting from direct loans obligated in 1996 and beyond. The Federal Financing Bank (FFB) purchases bonds issued by the Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Designated Bonding Authority. Under the policies governing Federal credit programs, bonds purchased by the FFB and supported by the Department of Education with a letter of credit create the equivalent of a Federal direct loan. HBCU bonds are also available for purchase by the private sector, and these will be treated as loan guarantees. However, the Department anticipates that all HBCU loans will be financed by the FFB. The amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4255–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 143 155
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 1,452 1,482
1402 Interest receivable 13 29
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –143 –191


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 1,322 1,320
1901 Other Federal assets: Other assets 20


1999 Total assets 1,465 1,495
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2102 Interest payable 13 13
2103 Debt 1,452 1,482


2999 Total liabilities 1,465 1,495
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 1,465 1,495

Office of Federal Student Aid

Federal Funds

Student financial assistance

For carrying out subpart 1 of part A, and part C of title IV of the HEA, $22,975,352,000, which shall remain available through September 30, 2022.

The maximum Pell Grant for which a student shall be eligible during award year 2021–2022 shall be $5,285.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0200–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0101 Federal Pell grants 29,666 29,631 30,154
0201 Federal supplemental educational opportunity grants (SEOG) 840 865
0202 Federal work-study 1,130 1,180 500



0291 Campus-based activities - Subtotal 1,970 2,045 500



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 31,636 31,676 30,654

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 12,038 11,071 10,559
1001 Discretionary unobligated balance brought fwd, Oct 1 12,038 11,071
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 65



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 12,103 11,071 10,559
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 24,445 24,520 22,975
1131 Unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced –600 –500



1160 Appropriation, discretionary (total) 23,845 24,020 22,975
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 6,759 7,144 7,014
1900 Budget authority (total) 30,604 31,164 29,989
1930 Total budgetary resources available 42,707 42,235 40,548
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 11,071 10,559 9,894

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 19,107 19,728 20,519
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 31,636 31,676 30,654
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 348
3020 Outlays (gross) –30,907 –30,885 –31,588
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –65
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –391



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 19,728 20,519 19,585
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 19,107 19,728 20,519
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 19,728 20,519 19,585

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 23,845 24,020 22,975
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 7,304 4,478 4,481
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 15,703 19,125 19,914



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 23,007 23,603 24,395
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4033 Non-Federal sources –1
Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4052 Offsetting collections credited to expired accounts 1



4070 Budget authority, net (discretionary) 23,845 24,020 22,975
4080 Outlays, net (discretionary) 23,006 23,603 24,395
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 6,759 7,144 7,014
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 2,401 2,639 2,688
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 5,499 4,643 4,505



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 7,900 7,282 7,193
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123 Non-Federal sources –2
Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4142 Offsetting collections credited to expired accounts 2



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) 6,759 7,144 7,014
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 7,898 7,282 7,193
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 30,604 31,164 29,989
4190 Outlays, net (total) 30,904 30,885 31,588

Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays (in millions of dollars)


2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Enacted/requested:
Budget Authority 30,604 31,164 29,989
Outlays 30,904 30,885 31,588
Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO:
Budget Authority –4
Outlays –2
Total:
Budget Authority 30,604 31,164 29,985
Outlays 30,904 30,885 31,586

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0200–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 472 532 925
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –82 –199 –188
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) 142 592 85



1290 Outstanding, end of year 532 925 822

Notes.—Figures include, in all years, institutional matching share of defaulted notes assigned from institutions to the Education Department. The Budget incorporates the effects of the Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act (Public Law 116–91) except for the effects on student loans.

Funding from the Student Financial Assistance account and related matching funds would provide 7.4 million awards totaling more than $30.9 billion in available aid in award year 2021–2022.

Federal Pell grants.—Pell Grants are the single largest source of grant aid for postsecondary education. Funding for this program is provided from two sources: discretionary and mandatory budget authority provided by the College Cost Reduction and Access Act, as amended, and changes to the Higher Education Act of 1965 made in the Department of Education Appropriations Act of 2019.

In 2021, over 7.0 million undergraduates will receive up to $5,285 from the discretionary award and an additional $1,060 from the mandatory add-on to help pay for postsecondary education. Undergraduate students establish eligibility for these grants under award and need determination rules set out in the authorizing statute and annual appropriations act.

The 2021 Budget request includes $22.5 billion in discretionary funding for Pell Grants in 2021, which, when combined with mandatory funding, will support a projected maximum award of $6,345.

Federal work-study.—Federal funds are awarded by formula to qualifying institutions, which provide part-time jobs to eligible undergraduate and graduate students. Hourly earnings under this program must be at least the Federal minimum wage. Federal funding, in most cases, pays 75 percent of a student's hourly wages, with the remaining 25 percent paid by the employer. The Federal Work-Study program also requires participating institutions to use at least seven percent of their total funds for students employed in community service jobs.

The 2021 Budget includes $500.0 million for Work-Study and proposes to reform the Federal Work-Study program to support workforce and career-oriented opportunities for low-income undergraduate students who can benefit the most, as opposed to subsidized employment for campus-based jobs through federal aid. The Budget also proposes to reform the institutional allocation formula in order to focus scarce funds, in part, on enrollment of Pell recipients.

Iraq and Afghanistan service grants.—This program provides non-need-based grants to students whose parent or guardian was a member of the Armed Forces and died in Iraq or Afghanistan as a result of performing military service after September 11, 2001.

Pooled Evaluation.—Requested authority in the General Provisions would enable the Department to reserve up to 0.5 percent of funding annually appropriated for certain Higher Education Act (HEA) programs for rigorous program evaluation, data collection, and analysis of outcome data. The authority would not allow the Department to reserve funds appropriated for Pell Grants, but would allow for evaluation of the program with the reserved funds.

Funding tables.—The following tables display student aid funds available, the number of aid awards, average awards, and the unduplicated count of recipients from each Federal student aid program. Loan amounts reflect the amount actually loaned to borrowers, not the Federal cost of these loans. The data in these tables include matching funds wherever appropriate. The 2021 data in these tables reflect the Administration's Budget proposals.

Aid Funds Available for Postsecondary Education and Training (in thousands of dollars)


2019 2020 2021

Pell grants 28,246,635 29,596,830 30,348,169
Student loans:
Subsidized Stafford loans 19,419,464 19,685,923 15,732,853
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Undergraduates) 20,813,818 21,426,417 26,168,414
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Graduate students) 27,009,624 27,434,179 19,962,036
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (total) 47,823,442 48,860,596 46,130,450
Parent PLUS loans 12,513,926 12,893,243 13,024,683
Grad PLUS loans 10,904,062 11,268,253 18,872,246
PLUS loans (total) 23,417,988 24,161,496 31,896,929
Consolidation 39,892,538 39,829,366 39,994,376
Student loans, subtotal 130,553,432 132,537,382 133,754,607
Work-study 1,152,402 1,203,831 504,393
Supplemental educational opportunity grants 1,154,667 1,189,032 0
Iraq and Afghanistan service grants1 445 523 0
TEACH grants 88,545 92,030 93,524
Total aid available 161,193,126 164,619,628 164,700,693

1 Value in 2021 reflects Budget policy to make Iraq and Afghanistan service grants part of the Pell Grant program.

Number of Aid Awards (in thousands)


2019 2020 2021

Pell grants 6,673 6,834 7,086
Subsidized Stafford loans 5,536 5,623 4,479
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Undergraduates) 5,659 5,771 6,068
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Graduate students) 1,805 1,810 1,380
Parent PLUS loans 875 882 903
Grad PLUS loans 595 602 882
Consolidation loans 653 647 645
Work-study 700 731 315
Supplemental educational opportunity grants 1,718 1,769 0
Iraq and Afghanistan service grants1,2 0 0 0
TEACH grants 31 32 32
Total awards 24,245 24,701 21,791

1 Number of recipients is fewer than 1,000.2 Value in 2021 reflects Budget policy to make Iraq and Afghanistan service grants part of the Pell Grant program. Note: Numbers may not add due to rounding.

Average Aid Awards (in whole dollars)


2019 2020 2021

Pell grants 4,233 4,331 4,283
Subsidized Stafford loans 3,508 3,501 3,513
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Undergraduates) 3,678 3,713 4,313
Unsubsidized Stafford loans (Graduate students) 14,960 15,157 14,462
Parent PLUS loans 14,305 14,610 14,417
Grad PLUS loans 18,312 18,730 21,394
Consolidation loans 61,131 61,521 62,018
Work-study 1,647 1,647 1,599
Supplemental educational opportunity grants 672 672 0
Iraq and Afghanistan service grants1 5,300 5,626 0
TEACH grants 2,727 2,896 2,905

1 Value in 2021 reflects Budget policy to make Iraq and Afghanistan service grants part of the Pell Grant program.

Number of Students Aided (in thousands)


2019 2020 2021

Unduplicated student count 10,235 10,428 10,499

Administrative Payments to Institutions (in thousands of dollars)


2019 2020 2021

Pell grants 33,365 34,170 35,430
Work-study 50,988 53,244 22,561
Supplemental educational opportunity grants 14,727 15,165 0

Student Financial Assistance

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0200–4–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0101 Federal Pell grants 229



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 229

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation –4
1930 Total budgetary resources available –4
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year –233

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 229
3020 Outlays (gross) 2



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 231
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 231

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross –4
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority –2
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –4
4190 Outlays, net (total) –2

Federal Pell grants.—The 2021 Budget proposes to expand Pell Grant eligibility to students enrolled in high-quality short-term programs that provide students with a credential, certification, or license in a high-demand field as well as to certain incarcerated students. The Budget also proposes to bar someone from receiving another Pell Grant if they have been awarded three consecutive Pell Grants without earning any credits.

Iraq and Afghanistan service grants.—The 2021 Budget proposes to move the Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant program into the Pell Grant program and ensure the children of our fallen service members receive a full aid award, exempt from cuts due to sequestration, and without any other changes to program's benefits or eligibility.

Student aid administration

For Federal administrative expenses to carry out part D of title I, and subparts 1 and 9 of part A, and parts B, C, D, and E of title IV of the HEA, and subpart 1 of part A of title VII of the Public Health Service Act, $1,883,309,000, to remain available through September 30, 2022.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0202–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Student aid administration 857 879 735
0002 Servicing activities 830 890 1,149



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,687 1,769 1,884

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 2 3 3
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 9



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 11 3 3
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 1,679 1,769 1,883
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,690 1,772 1,886
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 3 3 2

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 810 756 1,035
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1,687 1,769 1,884
3020 Outlays (gross) –1,723 –1,490 –1,742
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –9
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –9



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 756 1,035 1,177
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 810 756 1,035
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 756 1,035 1,177

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 1,679 1,769 1,883
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 1,010 963 1,029
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 713 527 713



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 1,723 1,490 1,742
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 1,679 1,769 1,883
4190 Outlays, net (total) 1,723 1,490 1,742

The Department of Education manages Federal student aid programs that will provide nearly $122 billion in new Federal student aid grants and loans (excluding Direct Consolidation Loans) to 12 million students and parents in 2021. The Offices of Postsecondary Education, the Under Secretary, and Federal Student Aid (FSA) are primarily responsible for administering the Federal student financial assistance programs. FSA was created by the Congress in 1998 as a partially independent Performance Based Organization (PBO) with a mandate to improve service to students and other student aid program participants, reduce student aid administration costs, and improve accountability and program integrity.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0202–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
Personnel compensation:
11.1 Full-time permanent 160 178 192
11.3 Other than full-time permanent 1
11.5 Other personnel compensation 3 3 4



11.9 Total personnel compensation 164 181 196
12.1 Civilian personnel benefits 52 57 63
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons 2 3 3
23.1 Rental payments to GSA 20 20 20
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 2 2 2
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 908 995 953
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 42 42 37
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 493 468 608
32.0 Land and structures 1



99.0 Direct obligations 1,684 1,768 1,882
99.5 Adjustment for rounding 3 1 2



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,687 1,769 1,884

Employment Summary


Identification code 091–0202–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

1001 Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment 1,343 1,451 1,584

TEACH Grant Program Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0206–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0701 Direct loan subsidy 29 29 28
0705 Reestimates of direct loan subsidy 5 9
0706 Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy 2



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 34 40 28

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation (indefinite) - Loan subsidy 31 31 28
1200 Appropriation (indefinite) - Upward reestimate 5 11
1230 Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations permanently reduced –2 –2



1260 Appropriations, mandatory (total) 34 40 28
1930 Total budgetary resources available 34 40 28

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 15 9 10
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 34 40 28
3020 Outlays (gross) –31 –38 –26
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –9 –1 –2



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 9 10 10
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 15 9 10
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 9 10 10

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 34 40 28
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 25 30 19
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 6 8 7



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 31 38 26
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 34 40 28
4190 Outlays, net (total) 31 38 26

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0206–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115001 TEACH Grants 102 99 101
Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132001 TEACH Grants 28.37 28.93 27.44



132999 Weighted average subsidy rate 28.37 28.93 27.44
Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133001 TEACH Grants 29 29 28
Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134001 TEACH Grants 26 27 26
Direct loan reestimates:
135001 TEACH Grants 4 –25

The TEACH Grant program, authorized by the College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007, awards annual grants of up to $4,000 to full- or part-time undergraduate and graduate students who agree to teach mathematics, science, foreign languages, bilingual education, special education, or reading at a high-poverty school for not less than four years within eight years of graduation. The program began awarding grants in the 2008–2009 award year. Students must have a grade point average of 3.25 or higher to be eligible to receive a grant. Students who fail to fulfill the service requirements must repay the grants, including interest accrued from the time of award.

Because TEACH Grants turn into loans in cases where the service requirements are not fulfilled, for budget and accounting purposes the program is operated consistent with the requirements of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990. This program account records subsidy costs reflecting the net present value of the estimated lifetime Federal program costs for grants awarded in a given fiscal year. Under this approach the subsidy cost reflects the cost of grant awards net of expected future repayments for grants that are converted to loans.

TEACH Grant Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4290–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0710 Direct loan obligations 102 99 101
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 20 14 14
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 1 29
0743 Interest on downward reestimates 7



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 123 149 115



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 123 149 115

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 2 2
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 37 18 7
1023 Unobligated balances applied to repay debt –5 –2
1024 Unobligated balance of borrowing authority withdrawn –34 –18 –7
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 79 109 75
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 69 125 113
1801 Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources 1
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –24 –85 –73



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 46 40 40
1900 Budget authority (total) 125 149 115
1930 Total budgetary resources available 125 149 115
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 2

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 100 85 75
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 123 149 115
3020 Outlays (gross) –101 –141 –107
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –37 –18 –7



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 85 75 76
Uncollected payments:
3060 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1 –6 –7 –7
3070 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired –1



3090 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year –7 –7 –7
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 94 78 68
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 78 68 69

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 125 149 115
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 101 141 107
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Upward Reestimate –5 –11
4120 Subsidy from Program Account –26 –27 –26
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –2
4123 Payment of Principal –28 –78 –78
4123 Interest Received –8 –9 –9



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –69 –125 –113
Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4140 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired –1



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) 55 24 2
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 32 16 –6
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 55 24 2
4190 Outlays, net (total) 32 16 –6

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4290–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 102 99 101



1150 Total direct loan obligations 102 99 101

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 746 764 776
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 78 90 94
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –28 –78 –78
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –32



1290 Outstanding, end of year 764 776 792

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the TEACH Grant program. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4290–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 25 36
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 746 764
1402 Interest receivable 91 99
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –253 –247


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 584 616


1999 Total assets 609 652
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2101 Accounts payable
2103 Debt 609 652


2999 Total liabilities 609 652
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 609 652

Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection

Special and Trust Fund Receipts (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–5557–0–2–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

0100 Balance, start of year 1 1 1
Receipts:
Current law:
1130 Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection 15 16 16



2000 Total: Balances and receipts 16 17 17
Appropriations:
Current law:
2101 Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection –15 –16 –16
2103 Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection –1 –1 –1
2132 Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection 1 1



2199 Total current law appropriations –15 –16 –17



2999 Total appropriations –15 –16 –17



5099 Balance, end of year 1 1

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–5557–0–2–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Student Financial Assistance Debt Collection 3 4 4



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 25.2) 3 4 4

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 15 17 21
1022 Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund –9 –7 –8



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 6 10 13
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1201 Appropriation (special or trust fund) 15 16 16
1203 Appropriation (previously unavailable)(special or trust) 1 1 1
1232 Appropriations and/or unobligated balance of appropriations temporarily reduced –1 –1
1240 Capital transfer of appropriations to general fund –1 –1 –1



1260 Appropriations, mandatory (total) 14 15 16
1930 Total budgetary resources available 20 25 29
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 17 21 25

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 3 4 4
3020 Outlays (gross) –3 –4 –4

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 14 15 16
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 3 4 4
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 14 15 16
4190 Outlays, net (total) 3 4 4

Federal Student Loan Reserve Fund

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4257–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0102 Obligations, non-Federal 7,553 7,738 7,122



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 42.0) 7,553 7,738 7,122

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 2,176 1,956 1,956
1022 Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund –137



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 2,039 1,956 1,956
Budget authority:
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 7,470 7,738 7,122
1930 Total budgetary resources available 9,509 9,694 9,078
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 1,956 1,956 1,956

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 7,553 7,738 7,122
3020 Outlays (gross) –7,553 –7,738 –7,122

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 7,470 7,738 7,122
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 7,341 7,738 7,122
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 212



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 7,553 7,738 7,122
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Federal sources –7,470 –7,738 –7,122
4180 Budget authority, net (total)
4190 Outlays, net (total) 83

The Higher Education Amendments of 1998 clarified that reserve funds held by public and non-profit guaranty agencies participating in the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program are Federal property. These reserves are used to pay default claims from FFEL lenders and fees to support agency efforts to avert defaults. The Federal Government reimburses these reserves for default claim payments. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016, increased guaranty agency reinsurance payments from 95 percent of the face value of loans to 100 percent. The following schedule reflects the balances in these guaranty agency funds.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4257–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 2,176 1,956


1999 Total assets 2,176 1,956
LIABILITIES:
2104 Federal liabilities: Resources payable to Treasury
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations 2,176 1,956


4999 Total liabilities and net position 2,176 1,956

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0243–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0701 Direct loan subsidy 4,842 11,829 8,035
0703 Subsidy for modifications of direct loans 350 485
0705 Reestimates of direct loan subsidy 23,125 47,798
0706 Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy 5,495 16,845



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 33,812 76,957 8,035

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation (indefinite) 33,812 76,957 8,035
1930 Total budgetary resources available 33,812 76,957 8,035

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 1,069 1,400 1,402
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 33,812 76,957 8,035
3020 Outlays (gross) –33,235 –76,713 –8,419
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –246 –242



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 1,400 1,402 1,018
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 1,069 1,400 1,402
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 1,400 1,402 1,018

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 33,812 76,957 8,035
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 32,692 75,555 7,457
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 543 1,158 962



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 33,235 76,713 8,419
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 33,812 76,957 8,035
4190 Outlays, net (total) 33,235 76,713 8,419

Summary of Budget Authority and Outlays (in millions of dollars)


2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Enacted/requested:
Budget Authority 33,812 76,957 8,035
Outlays 33,235 76,713 8,419
Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO:
Budget Authority –1,626
Outlays –1,331
Total:
Budget Authority 33,812 76,957 6,409
Outlays 33,235 76,713 7,088

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0243–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115001 Stafford 22,926 22,426 22,670
115002 Unsubsidized Stafford 56,196 56,190 56,605
115003 PLUS 24,577 25,330 26,055
115004 Consolidation 40,050 39,834 39,999



115999 Total direct loan levels 143,749 143,780 145,329
Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132001 Stafford 8.65 14.03 6.33
132002 Unsubsidized Stafford –3.22 0.75 –4.00
132003 PLUS –19.04 –13.25 –20.57
132004 Consolidation 7.14 20.74 16.50



132999 Weighted average subsidy rate –1.15 5.89 0.28
Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133001 Stafford 1,983 3,146 1,435
133002 Unsubsidized Stafford –1,810 421 –2,264
133003 PLUS –4,679 –3,356 –5,360
133004 Consolidation 2,860 8,262 6,600



133999 Total subsidy budget authority –1,646 8,473 411
Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134001 Stafford 1,739 2,464 1,701
134002 Unsubsidized Stafford –2,485 –217 –1,263
134003 PLUS –5,112 –3,635 –4,457
134004 Consolidation 2,876 8,235 6,607
134005 Federal Direct Student Loans 1,110



134999 Total subsidy outlays –2,982 7,957 2,588
Direct loan reestimates:
135005 Federal Direct Student Loans 26,311 63,206



135999 Total direct loan reestimates 26,311 63,206

Administrative expense data:
3580 Outlays from balances 5

The Federal Government manages two major student loan programs: the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program and the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) program. The Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act eliminated the authorization to originate new FFEL loans; as of July 1, 2010, the Direct Loan program originates all new loans. This narrative outlines the structure of these two programs and provides text tables displaying program cost data; loan volume, subsidy, default, and interest rates; and other descriptive information.

From its inception in 1965 through the end of June 2010, the FFEL program guaranteed almost $899 billion in loans made to postsecondary students and their parents. Although no new FFEL loans have been originated since July 1, 2010, $174 billion of outstanding FFEL loans continue to be serviced by lenders, the Department of Education, and guaranty agencies. The 2021 Budget proposes to eliminate the payment of Account Maintenance Fees to guaranty agencies.

Under the Direct Loan program, the Federal Government provides loan capital through the Treasury while the Department of Education loan origination and servicing is handled by private and not-for-profit loan servicers under performance-based contracts with the Department. The Direct Loan program began operation in award year 1994–1995, originating 7 percent of overall loan volume. In 2021, excluding Consolidation Loans, the Direct Loan program will make $93.8 billion in new loans.

The Direct Loan program currently offers four types of loans: Subsidized Stafford; Unsubsidized Stafford; PLUS; and Consolidation. Loans can be used for qualified educational expenses. Undergraduates with financial need may receive a Subsidized Stafford loan (graduate and professional students are not eligible). The other three loan programs are available to borrowers at all income levels. Interest rates are set annually for loans originated in the upcoming award year based on the 10-year Treasury note; those rates will remain fixed for the life of the loan. For Subsidized Stafford loans available to undergraduates, the interest rate will be equal to the 10-year Treasury note plus 2.05 percent and capped at 8.25 percent. Loans originated in award year 2019–2020 have an interest rate of 4.53 percent. Interest payments for these loans are fully subsidized by the Federal Government while a student is in school (up to 150 percent of program length) and during grace and deferment periods. The interest rate on new Unsubsidized Stafford loans for undergraduate borrowers is the same as that on Subsidized Stafford loans for undergraduates. The Unsubsidized Stafford loan interest rate for graduate and professional students is equal to the 10-year Treasury note plus 3.6 percent and capped at 9.5 percent. Loans originated in award year 2019–2020 have an interest rate of 6.08 percent. The borrower interest rate on PLUS loans to graduate and professional students and parents of undergraduate borrowers is equal to the 10-year Treasury note plus 4.6 percent and capped at 10.5 percent. PLUS loans originated in award year 2019–2020 have an interest rate of 7.08 percent.

Consolidation loans allow borrowers to combine FFEL, Direct Loans, and Perkins Loans, as well as some loans made under the Public Health Service Act. The interest rate for new Consolidation loans equals the weighted average of the interest rate on the loans consolidated, rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent. For most types of Direct Loans, the origination fee is a base rate of 1 percent, but an additional surcharge for sequestration was added in years 2013 to 2020. The base origination fee for PLUS loans is 4 percent, but has included an additional surcharge in years 2013 to 2020. Borrowers may choose from four basic types of repayment plans: standard; graduated; extended (available for qualified borrowers who have outstanding loans of more than $30,000); and income-driven. FFEL borrowers may change repayment plans annually. Direct Loan borrowers may switch between repayment plans at any time. The maximum repayment period is 10 years for standard and graduated plans, as well as the income-sensitive repayment plan that is available only for FFEL loans. Under the current income-driven administrative Pay As You Earn (PAYE) and statutory Income-Based-Repayment (IBR) plans, for new borrowers after 2014, the repayment period is 20 years. Under the current income-driven administrative REPAYE plan, the repayment period is 20 or 25 years depending on whether the borrower has any graduate school loans. And, under the extended, former IBR (for borrowers prior to 2014), and income-contingent repayment plans, the maximum time is 25 years. PAYE and IBR require partial financial hardship in order to qualify for reduced payments and borrowers in those plans have their monthly payments capped at the monthly payment of the 10-year Standard plan. At the end of the repayment term, the borrower's remaining balance is forgiven.

Federal student loans have other benefits. For example, Federal student loans can be discharged when borrowers die, become totally and permanently disabled, or, under some circumstances, declare bankruptcy. In addition, there are several loan forgiveness programs. For example, new borrowers after October 1, 1998, who are employed as teachers in schools serving low-income populations for 5 consecutive, complete school years, qualify for up to $5,000 in loan forgiveness; this benefit is increased to $17,500 for mathematics, science, and special education teachers considered highly qualified under criteria established in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. In addition, under the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program, qualifying borrowers who have worked for 10 years full-time for an eligible public service employer, and made 120 qualifying monthly payments after October 1, 2007 in the standard or income-driven plans can have any remaining loan balance forgiven. This benefit is only available in the Direct Loan program, though FFEL borrowers may receive the benefit by taking out a Direct Consolidation Loan. Forgiveness is available for all Direct Loan borrowers, regardless of when they took out their loans. The 2021 Budget institutes sensible annual and lifetime loan limits for graduate and parent borrowers.

The 2021 Budget proposes to set an aggregate limit on Parent PLUS loans for undergraduate students of $26,500, the difference between the dependent undergraduate aggregate limit of $31,000 and the independent undergraduate aggregate limit of $57,500. In addition, dependent undergraduate students would be eligible to borrow an additional amount (up to the independent undergraduate limit) depending on the parents eligibility for additional borrowing. The Budget also proposes to set annual and aggregate limits of $50,000 and $100,000 respectively for graduate students, exclusive of any undergraduate borrowing. Graduate student borrowing would additionally be simplified by consolidating all graduate borrowing under one graduate loan program with the same corresponding loan terms and conditions as current Graduate PLUS loans.

In addition, the 2021 Budget provides higher education institutions greater flexibility to ensure their students avoid excessive student loan debt and are able to repay their loans. As such, the Request proposes to provide financial aid administrators greater latitude to limit loan borrowing and proposes schools be allowed to impose mandatory annual financial literacy training (i.e., loan counseling) in order for students to receive loan disbursements.

The 2021 Budget would replace the five current Income Driven repayment (IDR) plans with one new Single IDR plan to make choosing a repayment plan less complex. The new IDR plan would become the only income-driven repayment plan for borrowers who originate their first loan on or after July 1, 2021, with an exception for students who borrowed their first loans prior to July 1, 2021 and who are borrowing to complete their current course of study. The Single IDR plan would: cap payments at 12.5 percent of discretionary monthly income while eliminating the standard repayment cap; limit loan payments to 15 years for borrowers with undergraduate debt only and 30 years for borrowers with any graduate debt—any remaining amounts owed after these repayment periods would be forgiven; calculate payments for married borrowers filing separately on the combined household Adjusted Gross Income; and eliminate Public Service Loan Forgiveness. As with the Single IDR plan, these policies would apply to loans originated on or after July 1, 2021, with an exception for students continuing to borrow to complete their current course of study.

To further improve the implementation and effectiveness of IDR, the Budget proposes auto-enrolling severely delinquent borrowers into the Single IDR plan. The 2021 Budget would also eliminate Subsidized Stafford loans. As with the Single IDR plan, this policy would apply to loans originated on or after July 1, 2021, with an exception for students continuing to borrow to complete their current course of study.

The 2021 Budget incorporates the effects of the Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act (Public Law 116–91) except for the effects on student loans.

The following tables display performance indicators and program data, including projected overall Direct Loan and FFEL costs.

Federal Budget Authority and Outlays (in thousands of dollars)


2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

PROGRAM COST:
FFEL:
Liquidating1 0 (182,492) (146,836)
Program:
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs 1,562,603 6,285,591 0
Net Modification2 0 108,773 (466,318)
Subtotal, Program 1,562,603 6,394,364 (466,318)
Total, FFEL 1,562,603 6,211,871 (613,154)
Direct Loans:
Program:
New Net Loan Subsidies (1,646,411) 8,473,200 (8,327,040)
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs (26,310,433) 63,205,948 0
Net Modification3 350,000 484,996 0
Total, Direct Loans 25,014,022 72,164,143 (8,327,040)
Total, FFEL and Direct Loans 26,576,625 78,376,015 (8,940,194)
PROGRAM COST OUTLAYS:
FFEL:
Liquidating1 (165,654) (122,056) (96,085)
Program:
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs 1,562,603 6,285,591 0
Net Modification2 0 108,773 (466,318)
Subtotal, Program 1,592,603 6,394,364 (466,318)
Total, FFEL 1,396,950 6,272,307 (562,403)
Direct Loans:
Program:
Regular (2,981,631) 6,846,731 (2,881,587)
Net Reestimate of Prior Year Costs 26,310,433 63,205,948 0
Net Modification3 0 1,110,463 0
Total, Direct Loans 23,328,802 71,163,142 (2,881,587)
Total, FFEL and Direct Loans 24,725,752 77,435,449 (3,443,989)

1 Liquidating account reflects loans made prior to 1992.2 Reflects costs in FY 2020 associated with the regulatory action to provide proactive discharges to borrowers for whom the Department of Veteran Affairs provides information showing the borrower has a total and permanent disability and proposed savings in FY 2021 from eliminating Account Maintenance Fees paid to guaranty agencies.3 Reflects costs in FY 2019 for Temporary Expansion of Public Service Loan Forgiveness (TEPSLF). Reflects costs in FY 2020 associated with the regulatory action to provide proactive discharges to borrowers for whom the Department of Veteran Affairs provides information showing the borrower has a total and permanent disability and TEPSLF.

Summary of Default Rates1 (expressed as percentages)


2019 est. 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct Loans:
Stafford 27.35 29.22 18.79
Unsubsidized Stafford
Undergraduate 33.22 34.97 22.88
Graduate/Professional 10.40 14.91 9.01
PLUS
Parent PLUS 13.24 12.47 9.85
Grad PLUS 8.03 10.98 8.05
Consolidation 23.45 20.13 21.58
Weighted Average, Direct Loans 20.62 21.28 16.58

1 Default rates displayed in this table, which reflect projected defaults over the life of a loan cohort, are used in developing program cost estimates. The Department uses other rates based on defaults occurring in the first 3 years of repayment to determine institutional eligibility to participate in Federal loan programs. These 3-year rates are lower than those included in this table.

Selected Program Costs and Offsets (in thousands of dollars)


2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

FFEL:
Payments to lenders:
Interest benefits 446,599 45,207 21,719
Special allowance payments1 (163,821) (341,290) (243,700)
Default claims 5,918,324 2,542,526 1,654,223
Loan discharges 1,478,278 711,839 21,719
Teacher loan forgiveness 57,552 45,002 35,099
Administrative payments to guaranty agencies 104,165 93,806 63,353
Fees paid to the Department of Education:
Loan holder fees (1,122,786) (316,923) (211,162)
Other Major Transactions:
Net default collections (7,641,421) (6,989,506) (5,561,580)
Contract collection costs 59,656 41,408 42,918
Federal administrative costs 33,155 34,284 29,388
Net Cash Flow, FFEL (830,300) (4,133,647) (3,809,801)
Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans (ECASLA):
Inflows (10,587,659) (17,909,953) (10,567,776)
Outflows 9,881,120 17,909,953 10,567,776
Federal administrative costs 99,465 102,852 88,165
Net Cash Flow, ECASLA (607,073) 102,852 88,165
Direct Loans:
Loan disbursements to borrowers 130,661,915 131,969,685 133,457,946
Borrower interest payments (19,894,143) (24,681,171) (26,396,615)
Borrower principal payments (62,912,148) (68,190,564) (70,861,716)
Borrower origination fees (1,692,572) (1,736,022) (1,815,366)
Net default collections (6,838,597) (11,409,993) (12,424,729)
Contract collection costs 786,603 924,883 974,888
Federal administrative costs 717,574 744,217 641,506
Net operating cash flows 40,828,632 27,621,036 23,575,913
Loan capital borrowings from Treasury (130,661,915) (131,969,685) (133,457,946)
Net interest payments to Treasury 29,734,217 35,366,142 36,193,418
Principal payments to Treasury 84,189,834 135,514,293 74,305,767
Subtotal, Treasury activity (16,737,864) 38,910,751 (22,958,761)
Net Cash Flow, Direct Loans 24,090,768 66,531,787 617,152

1 Includes Negative Special Allowance Payments.

Student Loan Program Costs: Analysis of Direct Loans Including Program and Administrative Expenses (expressed as percentages)


2019 actual1 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct Loans:
New Loans:
Stafford 10.84 14.03 4.19
Unsubsidized Stafford
Undergraduate –3.22 2.33 –7.47
Graduate/Professional –1.06 –0.48 –12.07
PLUS
Parent PLUS –34.87 –27.88 –37.49
Grad PLUS 2.19 3.48 –22.87
Subtotal, new loan subsidy –2.89 .30 –13.30
Federal administrative costs 1.70 1.70 1.70
Subtotal, new loans –1.19 2.00 –11.60
Consolidation Loans
Loan subsidy 18.15 20.74 14.15
Federal administrative costs 0.38 0.38 0.38
Subtotal, consolidation loans 18.53 21.12 14.53
New and Consolidation Loans
Loan subsidy 3.04 5.89 –5.76
Federal administrative costs 1.45 1.45 1.45
Total, Direct Loans 4.49 7.34 –4.31

1 2019 rates are current; these include actual executed rates for 2019 and the effect of re-estimates on those rates.

The table above describes Direct Loan costs on a subsidy rate basis: program costs calculated under the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 and comparably projected estimates of Federal administrative costs. As with any long-term projection, the comparison is based on assumed future interest rates, borrower characteristics, administrative costs, and other factors over the life of the loan cohort. To the degree actual conditions differ from projections, estimated subsidy rates will change.

The Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 requires the cost of existing loan cohorts to be reestimated to reflect changes in actual and assumed borrower behavior, interest rates, and other factors. The following table shows the impact of these reestimates in FFEL and Direct Loans.

Loan Disbursement and Subsidy Costs (in billions of dollars)

Total Subsidy Costs 1992–2019 (in billions of dollars)


FFEL Direct Loans

Original Subsidy Costs +77.1 –119.7
Cumulative Reestimates –50.7 +108.3
Net Subsidy Costs +26.3 –11.5
Total Disbursements +898.7 +1,624.1

For Direct Loans, the net upward reestimate reflects several assumption updates, including changes to the income-driven repayment plan model. Model assumptions affecting the 2019 cohort were also updated. The Direct Loan upward net reestimate for 2020 is primarily due to updated IDR income assumptions using newly available IDR application data.

Direct Loan Repayment Options (expressed as percentages)


Subsidies by Repayment Option 2019 actual1 2020 est. 2021 est.

Stafford:
Standard 5.66 11.77 0.64
Extended –2.60 6.15 –6.16
Graduated 1.07 4.29 –3.24
IDR2 26.98 23.65 12.62
Unsubsidized Stafford:
Standard –14.46 –8.61 –16.07
Extended –29.70 –19.77 –28.92
Graduated –24.79 –28.74 –24.39
IDR 24.42 22.00 2.67
PLUS:
Standard –31.01 –22.24 –34.13
Extended –49.76 –32.42 –50.96
Graduated –53.13 –57.93 –54.77
IDR 27.52 25.11 –12.07
Consolidated:
Standard –4.32 6.84 –8.70
Extended –24.38 –8.74 –30.70
Graduated –29.81 –20.36 –35.30
IDR 29.30 28.98 24.94

Direct Loan Repayment Options (gross volumes in millions of dollars)


Volumes by Repayment Option 2019 actual1 2020 est. 2021 est.

Stafford:
Standard 12,788 12,959 9,206
Extended 451 457 362
Graduated 2,751 2,787 2,114
IDR2 6,128 6,223 6,207
Unsubsidized Stafford:
Standard 25,016 25,593 22,910
Extended 2,041 2,081 1,760
Graduated 6,281 6,420 5,849
IDR 21,649 22,095 22,494
PLUS:
Standard 13,578 13,987 16,172
Extended 1,140 1,180 1,505
Graduated 2,710 2,802 3,369
IDR 7,124 7,361 12,662
Consolidated:
Standard 41 41 38
Extended 6,091 6,095 5,704
Graduated 1,970 1,972 1,874
IDR 31,796 31,726 32,383

1 2019 rates are current; these include actual executed rates for 2019 and the effect of re-estimates on those rates.2 All income-driven plans are included in the IDR category.

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0243–4–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0701 Direct loan subsidy –1,626



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) –1,626

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation (indefinite) –1,626
1930 Total budgetary resources available –1,626

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts –1,626
3020 Outlays (gross) 1,331



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year –295
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200 Obligated balance, end of year –295

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross –1,626
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority –1,331
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –1,626
4190 Outlays, net (total) –1,331

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0243–4–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct loan levels supportable by subsidy budget authority:
115001 Stafford –4,781
115002 Unsubsidized Stafford –3,591
115003 PLUS 7,653
115004 Consolidation –1



115999 Total direct loan levels –720
Direct loan subsidy (in percent):
132001 Stafford 0.00 0.00 –2.14
132002 Unsubsidized Stafford 0.00 0.00 –5.46
132003 PLUS 0.00 0.00 –8.27
132004 Consolidation 0.00 0.00 –2.35



132999 Weighted average subsidy rate 0.00 0.00 –6.04
Direct loan subsidy budget authority:
133001 Stafford –685
133002 Unsubsidized Stafford –2,751
133003 PLUS –4,362
133004 Consolidation –940



133999 Total subsidy budget authority –8,738
Direct loan subsidy outlays:
134001 Stafford –395
134002 Unsubsidized Stafford –1,731
134003 PLUS –2,408
134004 Consolidation –936



134999 Total subsidy outlays –5,470

Administrative expense data:
3580 Outlays from balances –5,470

This presentation shows the PAYGO effects of the President's student loan reforms as discussed above.

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4253–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0301 Consolidation loans-Payment of Orig. Services 21 24 25
0401 Payment of contract collection costs 787 926 975
Credit program obligations:
0710 Direct loan obligations 143,749 143,780 145,329
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 33,817 35,366 36,056
0740 Negative subsidy obligations 6,489 3,356 7,624
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 1,079 142
0743 Interest on downward reestimates 1,230 1,294



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 186,364 183,938 189,009



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 187,172 184,888 190,009

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 5,268 5,804 52
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 24,451 19,840 20,137
1023 Unobligated balances applied to repay debt –11,865 –5,804
1024 Unobligated balance of borrowing authority withdrawn –17,486 –19,840 –20,137
1033 Recoveries of prior year paid obligations 6



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 374 52
Financing authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 59
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 148,159 137,185 145,094
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 128,649 182,725 119,800
1801 Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources –16 434 –560
1820 Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund –1
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –84,190 –135,462 –74,311



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 44,443 47,696 44,929
1900 Budget authority (total) 192,602 184,940 190,023
1930 Total budgetary resources available 192,976 184,940 190,075
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 5,804 52 66

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 77,898 65,135 56,302
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 187,172 184,888 190,009
3020 Outlays (gross) –175,484 –173,881 –176,475
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –24,451 –19,840 –20,137



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 65,135 56,302 49,699
Uncollected payments:
3060 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1 –543 –527 –961
3070 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired 16 –434 560



3090 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year –527 –961 –401
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 77,355 64,608 55,341
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 64,608 55,341 49,298

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 192,602 184,940 190,023
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 175,484 173,881 176,475
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Upward reestimate –23,125 –47,798
4120 Upward reestimate, interest –5,495 –16,845
4120 Upward Modification –1,110
4120 Program subsidy –4,615 –10,954 –8,419
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –4,082
4123 Repayment of principal, Stafford –13,917 –16,616 –16,948
4123 Interest received on loans, Stafford –3,224 –3,352 –3,439
4123 Origination Fees, Stafford –201 –208 –202
4123 Other fees, Stafford –63
4123 Repayment of principal, Unsubsidized Stafford –28,753 –34,771 –36,483
4123 Interest received on loans, Unsubsidized Stafford –7,965 –7,815 –8,273
4123 Origination Fees, Unsubsidized Stafford –494 –515 –500
4123 Other fees, Unsubsidized Stafford –74
4123 Repayment of principal, PLUS –13,091 –15,312 –16,227
4123 Interest received on loans, PLUS –4,067 –4,180 –4,510
4123 Origination Fees, PLUS –998 –1,013 –1,005
4123 Other fees, PLUS –19
4123 Payment of principal, Consolidation –11,242 –12,902 –13,615
4123 Interest received on loans, Consolidation –7,171 –9,334 –10,179
4123 Other fees, Consolidation –59



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –128,655 –182,725 –119,800
Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4140 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired 16 –434 560
4143 Recoveries of prior year paid obligations, unexpired accounts 6



4150 Additional offsets against budget authority only (total) 22 –434 560



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) 63,969 1,781 70,783
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 46,829 –8,844 56,675
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 63,969 1,781 70,783
4190 Outlays, net (total) 46,829 –8,844 56,675

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4253–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

STAFFORD
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 22,926 22,426 22,670



1150 Total direct loan obligations 22,926 22,426 22,670

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 225,552 234,874 237,448
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 19,529 19,630 19,832
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –13,917 –16,616 –16,948
1261 Adjustments: Capitalized interest 4,566 70 73
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –856 –510 –504



1290 Outstanding, end of year 234,874 237,448 239,901

UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 56,196 56,190 56,605



1150 Total direct loan obligations 56,196 56,190 56,605

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 373,453 398,477 417,040
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 47,668 48,622 49,123
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –28,753 –34,771 –36,483
1261 Adjustments: Capitalized interest 7,560 5,936 6,414
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –1,451 –1,224 –1,228



1290 Outstanding, end of year 398,477 417,040 434,866

PLUS
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 24,577 25,330 26,055



1150 Total direct loan obligations 24,577 25,330 26,055

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 129,050 141,693 151,181
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 23,638 23,888 24,625
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –13,091 –15,312 –16,227
1261 Adjustments: Capitalized interest 2,612 1,525 1,735
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –516 –613 –636



1290 Outstanding, end of year 141,693 151,181 160,678

CONSOLIDATION
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 40,050 39,834 39,999



1150 Total direct loan obligations 40,050 39,834 39,999

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 355,675 389,839 415,494
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 39,827 39,830 39,994
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –11,242 –12,902 –13,615
1261 Adjustments: Capitalized interest 6,997
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –1,418 –1,273 –1,189



1290 Outstanding, end of year 389,839 415,494 440,684

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from Federal Direct Student Loans. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4253–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
Federal assets:
1101 Fund balances with Treasury 20,842 15,541
Investments in U.S. securities:
1106 Receivables, net 20,483 58,897
1206 Non-Federal assets: Receivables, net 80 154
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 1,083,730 1,164,883
1402 Interest receivable 71,981 83,256
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –40,663 –124,438


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 1,115,048 1,123,701
1901 Other Federal assets: Other assets


1999 Total assets 1,156,453 1,198,293
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2101 Accounts payable 2,484
2103 Debt 1,150,610 1,192,138
2105 Other 2,718
2201 Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable 3,359 3,437


2999 Total liabilities 1,156,453 1,198,293
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 1,156,453 1,198,293

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Financing Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4253–4–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0710 Direct loan obligations –720
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 137
0740 Negative subsidy obligations 7,113



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 6,530



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 6,530

Budgetary resources:
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 7,933
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected –1,214
1801 Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources –209
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt 20



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) –1,403
1900 Budget authority (total) 6,530
1930 Total budgetary resources available 6,530

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 6,530
3020 Outlays (gross) –4,160



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 2,370
Uncollected payments:
3070 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired 209



3090 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year 209
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 2,579

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 6,530
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 4,160
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Program subsidy 1,331
4123 Repayment of principal, Stafford 1
4123 Origination Fees, Stafford 23
4123 Repayment of principal, Unsubsidized Stafford 1
4123 Interest received on loans, Unsubsidized Stafford 1
4123 Origination Fees, Unsubsidized Stafford 15
4123 Repayment of principal, PLUS 2
4123 Origination Fees, PLUS –147
4123 Payment of principal, Consolidation –16
4123 Interest received on loans, Consolidation 3



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) 1,214
Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4140 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired 209



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) 7,953
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 5,374
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 7,953
4190 Outlays, net (total) 5,374

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4253–4–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

STAFFORD
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority –4,781



1150 Total direct loan obligations –4,781

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements –2,262
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments 1
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) 4



1290 Outstanding, end of year –2,257

UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority –3,591



1150 Total direct loan obligations –3,591

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements –1,527
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments 1
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –4



1290 Outstanding, end of year –1,530

PLUS
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority 7,653



1150 Total direct loan obligations 7,653

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements 3,674
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments 2
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) –1



1290 Outstanding, end of year 3,675

CONSOLIDATION
Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on obligations:
1111 Direct loan obligations from current-year authority –1



1150 Total direct loan obligations –1

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1231 Disbursements: Direct loan disbursements –1
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –16



1290 Outstanding, end of year –17

This presentation shows the non-budgetary effects of the cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the President's student loan reform proposals.

Federal Family Education Loan Program Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0231–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0704 Subsidy for modifications of loan guarantees 109
0705 Reestimates of direct loan subsidy 2,345 2,893
0706 Interest on reestimates of direct loan subsidy 841 2,558
0707 Reestimates of loan guarantee subsidy 238 513
0708 Interest on reestimates of loan guarantee subsidy 237 7,186



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 3,661 13,259

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 3,661 13,259
1930 Total budgetary resources available 3,661 13,259

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 3,661 13,259
3020 Outlays (gross) –3,661 –13,259

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 3,661 13,259
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 3,661 13,259
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 3,661 13,259
4190 Outlays, net (total) 3,661 13,259

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0231–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct loan reestimates:
135010 Direct Participation Agreement Reestimates 1,775 3,172
135012 Direct Standard Put Reestimates 1,411 2,097



135999 Total direct loan reestimates 3,186 5,269
Guaranteed loan subsidy outlays:
234006 FFEL Guarantees 109



234999 Total subsidy outlays 109
Guaranteed loan reestimates:
235006 FFEL Guarantees –1,624 1,017



235999 Total guaranteed loan reestimates –1,624 1,017

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this program account records the subsidy costs associated with Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), formerly guaranteed student loans, committed in 1992 and beyond. Beginning with the 1993 cohort of loans, mandatory administrative costs, specifically contract collection costs, are included in the FFEL subsidy estimates of each year's cohort. Subsidy amounts are estimated on a net present value basis.

A description of the FFEL program and accompanying tables are included under the Federal Direct Student Loan program account.

Federal Family Education Loan Program Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0231–4–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Guaranteed loan subsidy outlays:
234006 FFEL Guarantees –467



234999 Total subsidy outlays –467

This presentation shows the PAYGO effects of the President's student loan reforms, which are described in the Federal Direct Student Loan program account.

Federal Family Education Loan Program Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4251–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0101 Default claims 1,099 443 354
0102 Special allowance 16 1
0103 Interest benefits 205 28 14
0104 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 167 87 28
0105 Teacher loan forgiveness, other write-offs 14
0107 Contract collection costs 13 10 11
0109 Rehab purchase fee 5 5
0110 Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees 13 4 2



0191 Subtotal, Stafford loans 1,527 578 414
0202 Default claims 1,308 527 416
0203 Special allowance 17 1 1
0204 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 240 64 34
0205 Teacher loan forgiveness, other write-offs 13
0207 Contract collection costs 14 9 9
0209 Rehab purchase fee 4 4
0210 Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees 16 3 2



0291 Subtotal, Unsubsidized Stafford loans 1,608 608 466
0301 Default claims 214 48 33
0304 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 73 14 10
0307 Contract Collection Costs 2 1 1
0309 Rehab purchase fee 1 1
0310 Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees 2



0391 Subtotal, PLUS loans 291 64 45
0403 Default claims 1
0405 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 1
0409 Rehab purchase fee 1 1



0491 Subtotal, SLS loans 2 1 1
0501 Default claims 3,284 1,514 842
0502 Special allowance 971 119 71
0503 Interest benefits 238 13 5
0504 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 979 522 265
0505 Teacher loan forgiveness, other write-offs 31
0507 Contract collection costs 25 15 17
0509 Rehab purchase fee 5 5
0510 Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees 73 87 81



0591 Subtotal, Consolidations loans 5,601 2,275 1,286
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 1,834 1,566 859
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 1,040 315
0743 Interest on downward reestimates 1,059 6,367



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 3,933 8,248 859



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 12,962 11,774 3,071

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 16,996 11,586 25,717
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 331
1023 Unobligated balances applied to repay debt –3,223
1033 Recoveries of prior year paid obligations 336



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 14,440 11,586 25,717
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 10,559
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 10,534 15,347 5,902
1820 Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund –1
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –426



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 10,108 15,346 5,902
1900 Budget authority (total) 10,108 25,905 5,902
1930 Total budgetary resources available 24,548 37,491 31,619
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 11,586 25,717 28,548

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 979 1,072 1,072
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 12,962 11,774 3,071
3020 Outlays (gross) –12,538 –11,774 –3,071
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –331



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 1,072 1,072 1,072
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 979 1,072 1,072
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 1,072 1,072 1,072

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 10,108 25,905 5,902
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 12,538 11,774 3,071
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Upward reestimate –238 –513
4120 Interest on upward reestimate –237 –7,186
4120 Upward modification –109
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –738
4123 Stafford recoveries on defaults –1,741 –1,443 –1,169
4123 Stafford other fees –66
4123 Stafford special allowance rebate –262 –56 –28
4123 Unsubsidized Stafford recoveries on default –1,822 –1,539 –1,239
4123 Unsubsidized Stafford other fees –69
4123 Unsubsidized Stafford special allowance rebate –367 –134 –79
4123 PLUS recoveries on defaults –277 –205 –157
4123 PLUS other fees –10
4123 PLUS special allowance rebate –119 –19 –10
4123 SLS recoveries on defaults –7 –3 –3
4123 Consolidation recoveries on defaults –3,251 –3,571 –2,806
4123 Consolidation loan holders fee –1,123 –317 –211
4123 Consolidation other fees –123
4123 Consolidation special allowance rebate –420 –252 –200



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –10,870 –15,347 –5,902
Additional offsets against financing authority only (total):
4143 Recoveries of prior year paid obligations, unexpired accounts 336



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) –426 10,558
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 1,668 –3,573 –2,831
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –426 10,558
4190 Outlays, net (total) 1,668 –3,573 –2,831

Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4251–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

STAFFORD
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 19,488 17,053 16,523
2251 Repayments and prepayments –2,592
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –1,099 –443 –354
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –167 –87 –28
2264 Other adjustments, net 1,423 –1



2290 Outstanding, end of year 17,053 16,523 16,140

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 16,200 15,697 15,333

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 4,262 3,885 3,165
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 1,099 443 354
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –1,487 –1,443 –1,169
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –167 –170 –213
2364 Other adjustments, net 178 450 400



2390 Outstanding, end of year 3,885 3,165 2,537

UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 23,729 21,053 20,424
2251 Repayments and prepayments –3,156 –39
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –1,308 –527 –416
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –240 –64 –34
2264 Other adjustments, net 2,028 1



2290 Outstanding, end of year 21,053 20,424 19,974

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 20,001 19,403 18,975

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 9,645 9,596 8,365
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 1,308 527 416
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –1,556 –1,539 –1,239
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –240 –219 –193
2364 Other adjustments, net 439



2390 Outstanding, end of year 9,596 8,365 7,349

PLUS
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 3,950 3,405 3,222
2251 Repayments and prepayments –525 –30 –3
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –214 –139 –101
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –73 –14 –10
2264 Other adjustments, net 267



2290 Outstanding, end of year 3,405 3,222 3,108

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 3,235 3,061 2,953

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 132 39 58
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 214 139 101
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –236 –205 –157
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –73 –116 –18
2364 Other adjustments, net 2 201 73



2390 Outstanding, end of year 39 58 57

SLS
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 46 42 42
2251 Repayments and prepayments –6
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –1
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments
2264 Other adjustments, net 3



2290 Outstanding, end of year 42 42 42

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 40 40 40

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 276 283 279
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 1
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –6 –3 –3
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable
2364 Other adjustments, net 12 –1



2390 Outstanding, end of year 283 279 276

CONSOLIDATION
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 109,421 98,817 92,043
2251 Repayments and prepayments –14,553 –4,738 –3,580
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –3,284 –1,514 –842
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –979 –522 –265
2264 Other adjustments, net 8,212



2290 Outstanding, end of year 98,817 92,043 87,356

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 93,876 87,441 82,988

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 19,534 19,977 17,395
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 3,284 1,514 842
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –2,777 –3,571 –2,806
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –979 –875 –754
2364 Other adjustments, net 915 350 300



2390 Outstanding, end of year 19,977 17,395 14,977

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from Federal Family Education Loans, formerly guaranteed student loans, committed in 1992 and beyond. The amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4251–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
Federal assets:
1101 Fund balances with Treasury 17,601 12,284
Investments in U.S. securities:
1106 Receivables, net 448 12,042
1206 Non-Federal assets: Receivables, net 2 21
Net value of assets related to post-1991 acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1501 Defaulted guaranteed loans receivable, gross 33,849 33,780
1502 Interest receivable 7,803 8,561
1505 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –15,186 –20,113


1599 Net present value of assets related to defaulted guaranteed loans 26,466 22,228
1901 Other Federal assets: Other assets


1999 Total assets 44,517 46,575
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2101 Accounts payable
2103 Debt 38,880 35,231
2105 Other 6,125
Non-Federal liabilities:
2201 Accounts payable 3,046 15
2204 Liabilities for loan guarantees 2,591 5,204


2999 Total liabilities 44,517 46,575
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 44,517 46,575

Federal Family Education Loan Program Financing Account

(Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4251–4–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0110 Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees –1



0191 Subtotal, Stafford loans –1
0510 Guaranty Agency account maintenance fees –20



0591 Subtotal, Consolidations loans –20
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 41
0741 Modification savings 467



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 508



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 487

Budgetary resources:
Financing authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 59
1900 Budget authority (total) 59
1930 Total budgetary resources available 59
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year –428

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 487
3020 Outlays (gross) –487

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 59
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 487
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 59
4190 Outlays, net (total) 487

Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4251–4–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

STAFFORD
UNSUBSIDIZED STAFFORD
PLUS
SLS
CONSOLIDATION

This presentation shows the non-budgetary effects of the cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the President's student loan reform proposals.

Temporary Student Loan Purchase Authority Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4453–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0006 Contract collection costs 59 149 137
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 1,298 1,216 979
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 57
0743 Interest on downward reestimates 88



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 1,298 1,361 979



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 1,357 1,510 1,116

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 858 386 386
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 13
1023 Unobligated balances applied to repay debt –858



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 13 386 386
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 145
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 6,300 10,797 6,345
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –4,570 –9,432 –5,229



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 1,730 1,365 1,116
1900 Budget authority (total) 1,730 1,510 1,116
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,743 1,896 1,502
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 386 386 386

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 21 5 5
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1,357 1,510 1,116
3020 Outlays (gross) –1,360 –1,510 –1,116
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –13



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 5 5 5
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 21 5 5
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 5 5 5

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 1,730 1,510 1,116
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 1,360 1,510 1,116
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Upward reestimate –1,296 –1,815
4120 Upward reestimate interest –479 –1,502
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –106
4123 Principal repayments –3,369 –5,891 –4,884
4123 Interest repayments –1,030 –1,589 –1,461
4123 Fees and other refunds –20



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –6,300 –10,797 –6,345



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) –4,570 –9,287 –5,229
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) –4,940 –9,287 –5,229
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –4,570 –9,287 –5,229
4190 Outlays, net (total) –4,940 –9,287 –5,229

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4453–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 36,475 33,696 27,692
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –3,369 –5,891 –4,884
1261 Adjustments: Capitalized interest 24 16
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) 590 –137 –126



1290 Outstanding, end of year 33,696 27,692 22,698

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the participation interest program authorized under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4453–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
Federal assets:
1101 Fund balances with Treasury 879 391
Investments in U.S. securities:
1106 Receivables, net 1,227 3,253
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 36,475 33,696
1402 Interest receivable 4,713 4,983
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) 458 –3,842


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 41,646 34,837


1999 Total assets 43,752 38,481
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2101 Accounts payable
2103 Debt 43,752 38,324
2105 Other 157
2201 Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable


2999 Total liabilities 43,752 38,481
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 43,752 38,481

Student Loan Acquisition Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4449–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0005 Contract collection costs 39 91 83
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 660 821 563
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 38



0791 Direct program activities, subtotal 660 859 563



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 699 950 646

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 297 334 334
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 8
1023 Unobligated balances applied to repay debt –297



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 8 334 334
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 38
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 4,135 7,024 4,155
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –3,110 –6,112 –3,509



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 1,025 912 646
1900 Budget authority (total) 1,025 950 646
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,033 1,284 980
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 334 334 334

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 14 5 5
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 699 950 646
3020 Outlays (gross) –700 –950 –646
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –8



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 5 5 5
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 14 5 5
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 5 5 5

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 1,025 950 646
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 700 950 646
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Upward reestimate –1,049 –1,078
4120 Upward reestimate interest –362 –1,057
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –58
4123 Principal repayments –2,042 –3,877 –3,234
4123 Borrower interest repayments –610 –1,012 –921
4123 Fees and other refunds –14



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –4,135 –7,024 –4,155



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) –3,110 –6,074 –3,509
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) –3,435 –6,074 –3,509
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –3,110 –6,074 –3,509
4190 Outlays, net (total) –3,435 –6,074 –3,509

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4449–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 19,276 17,536 13,589
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –2,042 –3,877 –3,234
1261 Adjustments: Capitalized interest 14 10
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) 302 –84 –76



1290 Outstanding, end of year 17,536 13,589 10,289

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the standard and short-term Put programs authorized under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4449–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
Federal assets:
1101 Fund balances with Treasury 142 169
Investments in U.S. securities:
1106 Receivables, net 1,302 2,097
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 19,276 17,536
1402 Interest receivable 2,435 2,520
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –21 –2,532


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 21,690 17,524


1999 Total assets 23,134 19,790
LIABILITIES:
Federal liabilities:
2101 Accounts payable
2103 Debt 23,134 19,727
2105 Other 63
2201 Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable


2999 Total liabilities 23,134 19,790
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 23,134 19,790

Temporary Student Loan Purchase Authority Conduit Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4459–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0003 Contract collection costs 5 10 8
Credit program obligations:
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 46 42 42



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 51 52 50

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 13 10 10
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 1
1023 Unobligated balances applied to repay debt –13



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 1 10 10
Financing authority:
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 153 89 68
1825 Spending authority from offsetting collections applied to repay debt –93 –37 –18



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 60 52 50
1930 Total budgetary resources available 61 62 60
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 10 10 10

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 12 11 11
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 51 52 50
3020 Outlays (gross) –51 –52 –50
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –1



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 11 11 11
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 12 11 11
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 11 11 11

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 60 52 50
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 51 52 50
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –3
4123 Direct Conduit Fees –3
4123 Principal repayments –98 –66 –47
4123 Interest repayments –49 –23 –21



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –153 –89 –68



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) –93 –37 –18
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) –102 –37 –18
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –93 –37 –18
4190 Outlays, net (total) –102 –37 –18

Status of Direct Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4459–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of direct loans outstanding:
1210 Outstanding, start of year 1,565 1,477 1,411
1251 Repayments: Repayments and prepayments –98 –66 –47
1264 Other adjustments, net (+ or -) 10



1290 Outstanding, end of year 1,477 1,411 1,364

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the asset-backed commercial paper conduit authorized under the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act of 2008. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4459–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 25 21
Net value of assets related to post-1991 direct loans receivable:
1401 Direct loans receivable, gross 1,565 1,477
1402 Interest receivable 331 346
1405 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) –426 –455


1499 Net present value of assets related to direct loans 1,470 1,368


1999 Total assets 1,495 1,389
LIABILITIES:
2103 Federal liabilities: Debt 1,495 1,389
2201 Non-Federal liabilities: Accounts payable


2999 Total liabilities 1,495 1,389
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 1,495 1,389

Federal Family Education Loan Liquidating Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0101 Interest benefits, net of origination fees 3 4 3
0103 Default claims 11 9 8
0104 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 16 18 16
0105 Contract collection costs 5 5 4



0191 Subtotal, Stafford loans 35 36 31
0201 Default claims 2 2 1
0202 Death, disability, and bankruptcy claims 2 7 7
0205 Contract collection costs 1 1 1



0291 Subtotal, PLUS/SLS loans 5 10 9



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 40 46 40

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 171 245
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 9
1022 Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund –171 –245
1033 Recoveries of prior year paid obligations 1



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 10
Budget authority:
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 275 228 187
1820 Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund –182 –147



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 275 46 40
1930 Total budgetary resources available 285 46 40
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 245

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 11 4 4
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 40 46 40
3020 Outlays (gross) –38 –46 –40
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –9



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 4 4 4
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 11 4 4
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 4 4 4

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 275 46 40
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 42 40
4101 Outlays from mandatory balances 38 4



4110 Outlays, gross (total) 38 46 40
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123 Fed collections on defaulted loans, Stafford –129 –62 –51
4123 Fed collections on bankruptcies, Stafford –3 –3
4123 Offsets against Federal tax refunds, Stafford –67 –55
4123 Reimbursements from guaranty agencies, Stafford –100 –47 –38
4123 Other collections, Stafford –10 –14 –11
4123 Federal collections on defaulted loans, PLUS/SLS –21 –19 –16
4123 Federal collections on bankruptcies, PLUS/SLS –1 –1
4123 Offsets against Federal tax refunds, PLUS/SLS –5 –4
4123 Reimbursements from guaranty agencies, PLUS/SLS –16 –10 –8



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –276 –228 –187
Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4143 Recoveries of prior year paid obligations, unexpired accounts 1



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) –182 –147
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) –238 –182 –147
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –182 –147
4190 Outlays, net (total) –238 –182 –147

Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

STAFFORD LOANS
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 397 377 341
2251 Repayments and prepayments –14 –13 –13
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –11 –5 –4
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –16 –18 –16
2264 Other adjustments, net 21



2290 Outstanding, end of year 377 341 308

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 358 324 292

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 3,378 3,219 3,104
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 11 5 4
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –127 –93 –76
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –16 –15 –14
2364 Other adjustments, net –27 –12 –9



2390 Outstanding, end of year 3,219 3,104 3,009

PLUS/SLS LOANS
Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 45 41 31
2251 Repayments and prepayments –2 –2 –2
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –2 –1 –1
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –2 –7 –7
2264 Other adjustments, net 2



2290 Outstanding, end of year 41 31 21

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 39 29 20

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 536 510 491
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 2 1 1
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –21 –16 –13
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –2 –2 –2
2364 Other adjustments, net –5 –2 –2



2390 Outstanding, end of year 510 491 475

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this liquidating account records, for this program, all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from guaranteed student loans committed prior to 1992. This account is shown on a cash basis. All new loan activity in this program for 1992 and beyond is recorded in corresponding program and financing accounts.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 182 248
1701 Defaulted guaranteed loans, gross 3,914 3,729
1702 Interest receivable 5,839 5,858
1703 Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-) –8,078 –8,775


1799 Value of assets related to loan guarantees 1,675 812


1999 Total assets 1,857 1,060
LIABILITIES:
2104 Federal liabilities: Resources payable to Treasury 1,856 1,059
Non-Federal liabilities:
2201 Accounts payable
2204 Liabilities for loan guarantees 1 1


2999 Total liabilities 1,857 1,060
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 1,857 1,060

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0230–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
33.0 Investments and loans 13 6 5
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 9 15 12
42.0 Insurance claims and indemnities 18 25 23



99.0 Direct obligations 40 46 40



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 40 46 40

Health Education Assistance Loans Program Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0247–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0707 Reestimates of loan guarantee subsidy 2
0708 Interest on reestimates of loan guarantee subsidy 5



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 7

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, mandatory:
1200 Appropriation 7
1930 Total budgetary resources available 7

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 7
3020 Outlays (gross) –7

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 7
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 7
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 7
4190 Outlays, net (total) 7

Summary of Loan Levels, Subsidy Budget Authority and Outlays by Program (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0247–0–1–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Guaranteed loan reestimates:
235001 HEAL Loan Guarantee –34 7

Consistent with the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014 (P.L. 113–76), the Health Education Assistance Loans (HEAL) program was transferred to the Department of Education from the Department of Health and Human Services in 2014. The Department of Education assumed responsibility for the program and the authority to administer, service, collect, and enforce the program.

The HEAL program guarantees loans from private lenders to health professions students to pay for the costs of their training. As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this account records the subsidy costs associated with HEAL loan guarantees committed in 1992 and beyond (including modifications of HEAL loan guarantees that resulted from obligations or commitments in any year), as well as administrative expenses of the program.

Health Education Assistance Loans Financing Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4300–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0711 Default claim payments on principal 3 4 4
0713 Payment of interest to Treasury 2
0715 Default Collection Costs 1 2 2
0742 Downward reestimates paid to receipt accounts 12
0743 Interest on downward reestimates 22



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 40 6 6

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 21 22 28
Financing authority:
Borrowing authority, mandatory:
1400 Borrowing authority 34
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 7 12 5
1900 Budget authority (total) 41 12 5
1930 Total budgetary resources available 62 34 33
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 22 28 27

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 40 6 6
3020 Outlays (gross) –40 –6 –6

Financing authority and disbursements, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 41 12 5
Financing disbursements:
4110 Outlays, gross (total) 40 6 6
Offsets against gross financing authority and disbursements:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4120 Federal sources –7
4122 Interest on uninvested funds –1 –2 –2
4123 Non-Federal sources –6 –3 –3



4130 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –7 –12 –5



4160 Budget authority, net (mandatory) 34
4170 Outlays, net (mandatory) 33 –6 1
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 34
4190 Outlays, net (total) 33 –6 1

Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4300–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Position with respect to appropriations act limitation on commitments:
2143 Uncommitted limitation carried forward



2150 Total guaranteed loan commitments

Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 163 153 143
2251 Repayments and prepayments –6 –6 –6
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable –3 –3 –3
2263 Terminations for default that result in claim payments –1 –1 –1
2264 Other adjustments, net



2290 Outstanding, end of year 153 143 133

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 145 143 133

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 144 143 142
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims 3 3 3
2351 Repayments and prepayments –3 –3 –3
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable –1 –1 –1
2364 Other adjustments, net



2390 Outstanding, end of year 143 142 141

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this nonbudgetary account records all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from the Health Education Assistance Loan program. Amounts in this account are a means of financing and are not included in the budget totals.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4300–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 21 23
Net value of assets related to post-1991 acquired defaulted guaranteed loans receivable:
1501 Defaulted guaranteed loans receivable, gross 144 143
1502 Interest receivable 19 20
1505 Allowance for subsidy cost (-) 12 47


1599 Net present value of assets related to defaulted guaranteed loans 175 210


1999 Total assets 196 233
LIABILITIES:
Non-Federal liabilities:
2203 Debt 34
2204 Liabilities for loan guarantees 196 199


2999 Total liabilities 196 233
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations


4999 Total liabilities and net position 196 233

Health Education Assistance Loans Liquidating Account

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4299–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
Credit program obligations:
0715 Default Collections Costs 1 1 1



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 25.2) 1 1 1

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 5 6
1022 Capital transfer of unobligated balances to general fund –5 –6
Budget authority:
Spending authority from offsetting collections, mandatory:
1800 Collected 7 6 6
1820 Capital transfer of spending authority from offsetting collections to general fund –5 –5



1850 Spending auth from offsetting collections, mand (total) 7 1 1
1900 Budget authority (total) 7 1 1
1930 Total budgetary resources available 7 1 1
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 6

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 1 1 1
3020 Outlays (gross) –1 –1 –1

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Mandatory:
4090 Budget authority, gross 7 1 1
Outlays, gross:
4100 Outlays from new mandatory authority 1 1 1
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4123 Non-Federal sources –7 –6 –6
4180 Budget authority, net (total) –5 –5
4190 Outlays, net (total) –6 –5 –5

Status of Guaranteed Loans (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4299–0–3–502 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Cumulative balance of guaranteed loans outstanding:
2210 Outstanding, start of year 17 13 11
2251 Repayments and prepayments –2 –2 –2
Adjustments:
2261 Terminations for default that result in loans receivable
2264 Other adjustments, net –2



2290 Outstanding, end of year 13 11 9

Memorandum:
2299 Guaranteed amount of guaranteed loans outstanding, end of year 13 11 9

Addendum:
Cumulative balance of defaulted guaranteed loans that result in loans receivable:
2310 Outstanding, start of year 253 254 250
2331 Disbursements for guaranteed loan claims
2351 Repayments of loans receivable –5 –4 –4
2361 Write-offs of loans receivable
2364 Other adjustments, net 6



2390 Outstanding, end of year 254 250 246

As required by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, this liquidating account records, for this program, all cash flows to and from the Government resulting from guaranteed Health Education Assistance Loans loans committed prior to 1992. This account is shown on a cash basis. All loan activity in this program for 1992 and beyond is recorded in corresponding program and financing accounts.

Balance Sheet (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–4299–0–3–502 2018 actual 2019 actual

ASSETS:
1101 Federal assets: Fund balances with Treasury 5 6
1701 Defaulted guaranteed loans, gross 253 254
1702 Interest receivable 12 13
1703 Allowance for estimated uncollectible loans and interest (-) –80 –82


1799 Value of assets related to loan guarantees 185 185


1999 Total assets 190 191
LIABILITIES:
2104 Federal liabilities: Resources payable to Treasury 173 168
Non-Federal liabilities:
2204 Liabilities for loan guarantees 25 31
2207 Other


2999 Total liabilities 198 199
NET POSITION:
3300 Cumulative results of operations –8 –8


4999 Total liabilities and net position 190 191

Institute of Education Sciences

Federal Funds

Institute of education sciences

For carrying out activities authorized by the Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002, the National Assessment of Educational Progress Authorization Act, and section 664 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, $565,440,000, which shall remain available through September 30, 2022.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1100–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Research, development, and dissemination 179 199 196
0002 Statistics 112 111 114
0003 Regional educational laboratories 55 55 11
0004 National Assessment 159 154 181
0005 National Assessment Governing Board 9 8 8
0006 Research in special education 56 59 57
0007 Statewide longitudinal data systems 11 33 27
0008 Special education studies and evaluations 10 14 11



0100 Total direct program 591 633 605



0799 Total direct obligations 591 633 605
0801 Reimbursable program activity 1



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 592 633 605

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 52 78 69
1021 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 3



1050 Unobligated balance (total) 55 78 69
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 615 623 565
Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700 Collected 1
1701 Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources 1



1750 Spending auth from offsetting collections, disc (total) 1 1
1900 Budget authority (total) 616 624 565
1930 Total budgetary resources available 671 702 634
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940 Unobligated balance expiring –1
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 78 69 29

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 639 573 801
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 592 633 605
3020 Outlays (gross) –651 –405 –503
3040 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, unexpired –3
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –4



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 573 801 903
Uncollected payments:
3060 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1 –1 –2 –2
3070 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired –1



3090 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year –2 –2 –2
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 638 571 799
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 571 799 901

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 616 624 565
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 205 103 89
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 446 302 414



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 651 405 503
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4030 Federal sources –1
Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4050 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired –1



4070 Budget authority, net (discretionary) 615 623 565
4080 Outlays, net (discretionary) 651 404 503
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 615 623 565
4190 Outlays, net (total) 651 404 503

Research, Statistics, and Assessment:

Research, development, and dissemination.—Funds support a diverse portfolio of research, development, and dissemination activities that provide parents, teachers, and schools with evidence-based information on effective educational practices.

Statistics.—Funds support the Department's statistical data collection activities, which are conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). NCES collects, analyzes, and disseminates education statistics at all levels, from preschool through postsecondary and adult education, including statistics on international education activities.

Assessment.—Funds support the ongoing National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB). NAEP administers assessments to samples of students in order to gather reliable information about educational attainment in important academic areas. NAGB is responsible for formulating NAEP policy; developing student achievement levels; and selecting, consistent with the requirements of the statute, the subjects to be assessed.

Research in special education.—Funds support research to build the evidence base on improving special education and early intervention services and outcomes for infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.

Special education studies and evaluations.—Funds support studies, evaluations, and assessments related to the implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in order to improve special education and early intervention services and outcomes for infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1100–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
Personnel compensation:
11.1 Full-time permanent 1 1 1
11.3 Other than full-time permanent 1 1



11.9 Total personnel compensation 1 2 2
12.1 Civilian personnel benefits 2 1 1
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 23 23 23
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 288 286 304
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 2 2 2
25.5 Research and development contracts 69 70 16
31.0 Equipment 1 1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 206 248 256



99.0 Direct obligations 591 633 605
99.5 Adjustment for rounding 1



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 592 633 605

Employment Summary


Identification code 091–1100–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

1001 Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment 13 15 15

Departmental Management

Federal Funds

Program administration

For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the Department of Education Organization Act, including rental of conference rooms in the District of Columbia and hire of three passenger motor vehicles, $448,723,000, of which up to $15,000,000, to remain available until expended, shall be available for relocation expenses, and for the renovation and repair of leased buildings: Provided, That, notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds provided by this Act or provided by previous Appropriations Acts to the Department of Education available for obligation or expenditure in the current fiscal year may be used for any activity relating to implementing a reorganization that decentralizes, reduces the staffing level, or alters the responsibilities, structure, authority, or functionality of the Budget Service of the Department of Education, relative to the organization and operation of the Budget Service as in effect on January 1, 2018.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Special and Trust Fund Receipts (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

0100 Balance, start of year 1
Receipts:
Current law:
1130 Contributions 1 1



2000 Total: Balances and receipts 1 2



5099 Balance, end of year 1 2

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Program administration 433 430 444

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 3 4 5
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 430 430 449
1120 Appropriations transferred to other acct [091–0249] –5
1121 Appropriations transferred from other acct [091–0013] 1



1160 Appropriation, discretionary (total) 431 430 444
Spending authority from offsetting collections, discretionary:
1700 Collected 3 1
1701 Change in uncollected payments, Federal sources 1



1750 Spending auth from offsetting collections, disc (total) 4 1
1900 Budget authority (total) 435 431 444
1930 Total budgetary resources available 438 435 449
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1940 Unobligated balance expiring –1
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 4 5 5

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 139 144 136
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 433 430 444
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 8
3020 Outlays (gross) –424 –438 –442
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –12



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 144 136 138
Uncollected payments:
3060 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, brought forward, Oct 1 –1 –1
3070 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired –1



3090 Uncollected pymts, Fed sources, end of year –1 –1 –1
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 139 143 135
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 143 135 137

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 435 431 444
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 323 333 345
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 101 105 97



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 424 438 442
Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays:
Offsetting collections (collected) from:
4030 Federal sources –3 –1



4040 Offsets against gross budget authority and outlays (total) –3 –1
Additional offsets against gross budget authority only:
4050 Change in uncollected pymts, Fed sources, unexpired –1



4070 Budget authority, net (discretionary) 431 430 444
4080 Outlays, net (discretionary) 421 437 442
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 431 430 444
4190 Outlays, net (total) 421 437 442

The Program Administration account includes the direct Federal costs of providing grants and administering early, elementary, and secondary education; Indian education; English language acquisition; higher education; career, technical, and adult education; special education programs; and programs for persons with disabilities. It also supports assessment, statistics, and research activities.

In addition, this account includes the cost of providing centralized support and administrative services, overall policy development, and strategic planning for the Department. Included in the centralized activities are rent and mail services; telecommunications; contractual services; financial management and accounting, including payments to schools, education agencies and other grant recipients, and preparation of auditable financial statements; information technology services and security; personnel management; personnel security; budget formulation and execution; legal services; congressional and public relations; and intergovernmental affairs. Included in this account is the Department of Education's cost to relocate staff and renovate buildings occupied by Department staff.

Also included in this account are contributions from the public. Contributions not designated for a specific purpose are in the account's Gifts and Bequests Miscellaneous Fund.

Reimbursable program.—Reimbursements to this account are for providing administrative services to other agencies.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
Personnel compensation:
11.1 Full-time permanent 171 190 200
11.3 Other than full-time permanent 15 5 4
11.5 Other personnel compensation 3 3 5



11.9 Total personnel compensation 189 198 209
12.1 Civilian personnel benefits 60 62 65
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons 2 3 3
23.1 Rental payments to GSA 33 33 31
23.3 Communications, utilities, and miscellaneous charges 1 1 1
24.0 Printing and reproduction 1 1 1
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 1 3 3
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 23 22 26
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 25 24 19
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 88 76 72
26.0 Supplies and materials 1 1
31.0 Equipment 4 1 1
32.0 Land and structures 5 5 12



99.0 Direct obligations 432 430 444
99.5 Adjustment for rounding 1



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 433 430 444

Employment Summary


Identification code 091–0800–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

1001 Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment 1,500 1,542 1,581

Information Technology System Modernization and Working Capital Fund

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0249–0–1–503 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1121 Appropriations transferred from other acct [091–0800] 5
1930 Total budgetary resources available 5
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 5

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 5
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 5
4190 Outlays, net (total)

The Information Technology System Modernization and Working Capital Fund (IT WCF), authorized by the Modernizing Government Technology (MGT) Act in 2018, may only be used: (A) to improve, retire, or replace existing information technology systems to enhance cybersecurity of existing systems and to improve efficiency and effectiveness; (B) to transition legacy information technology systems to cloud computing and other innovative platforms and technologies, including those serving more than one covered agency with common requirements; (C) to assist and support covered agency efforts to provide adequate, risk-based, and cost-effective information technology capabilities that address evolving threats to information security; and (D) to reimburse funds transferred to the agency from the Technology Modernization Fund. Establishing this account under the MGT authority would enable transfers of expiring administrative funds to this account with a 3 year period of availability for use on IT modernization activities.

Office for civil rights

For expenses necessary for the Office for Civil Rights, as authorized by section 203 of the Department of Education Organization Act, $130,000,000.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0700–0–1–751 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Civil rights 125 130 130

Budgetary resources:
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 125 130 130
1930 Total budgetary resources available 125 130 130

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 27 31 30
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 125 130 130
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 1
3020 Outlays (gross) –120 –131 –132
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –2



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 31 30 28
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 27 31 30
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 31 30 28

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 125 130 130
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 100 109 110
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 20 22 22



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 120 131 132
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 125 130 130
4190 Outlays, net (total) 120 131 132

The Office for Civil Rights is responsible for ensuring that no person is unlawfully discriminated against on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age in the delivery of services or the provision of benefits in programs or activities of schools and institutions receiving financial assistance from the Department of Education. The authorities under which the Office for Civil Rights operates are Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (racial and ethnic discrimination), Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (sex discrimination), section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (discrimination against individuals with a disability), the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and the Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act of 2002.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0700–0–1–751 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
Personnel compensation:
11.1 Full-time permanent 59 70 72
11.3 Other than full-time permanent 2 2 2
11.5 Other personnel compensation 1 1 1



11.9 Total personnel compensation 62 73 75
12.1 Civilian personnel benefits 20 24 24
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons 1 1 1
23.1 Rental payments to GSA 6 10 9
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 7 2 2
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 5 2 2
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 23 18 16
31.0 Equipment 1
32.0 Land and structures 1



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 125 130 130

Employment Summary


Identification code 091–0700–0–1–751 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

1001 Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment 508 589 592

office of inspector general

For expenses necessary for the Office of Inspector General, as authorized by section 212 of the Department of Education Organization Act, $68,019,000, of which $2,000,000 shall remain available until expended.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1400–0–1–751 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Inspector General 62 65 70

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 4 5 3
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 61 63 68
1121 Appropriations transferred from other acct [091–0013] 2



1160 Appropriation, discretionary (total) 63 63 68
1930 Total budgetary resources available 67 68 71
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 5 3 1

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 14 15 18
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 62 65 70
3011 Obligations ("upward adjustments"), expired accounts 1
3020 Outlays (gross) –61 –62 –67
3041 Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations, expired –1



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 15 18 21
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 14 15 18
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 15 18 21

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 63 63 68
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 52 50 55
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 9 12 12



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 61 62 67
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 63 63 68
4190 Outlays, net (total) 61 62 67

The Inspector General is responsible for the quality, coverage, and coordination of audit and investigation functions relating to Federal education activities. The Inspector General has the authority to inquire into all activities of the Department, including those performed under Federal education contracts, grants, or other agreements. Under the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, the Inspector General is also responsible for internal reviews of the Department's financial systems and audits of its financial statements.

Object Classification (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–1400–0–1–751 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Direct obligations:
Personnel compensation:
11.1 Full-time permanent 26 31 34
11.5 Other personnel compensation 2 1



11.9 Total personnel compensation 28 31 35
12.1 Civilian personnel benefits 11 12 13
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons 1 1 2
23.1 Rental payments to GSA 6 7 7
25.1 Advisory and assistance services 1
25.2 Other services from non-Federal sources 2 3 3
25.3 Other goods and services from Federal sources 2 2 2
25.7 Operation and maintenance of equipment 9 7 6
31.0 Equipment 1 1 1



99.0 Direct obligations 61 64 69
99.5 Adjustment for rounding 1 1 1



99.9 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts 62 65 70

Employment Summary


Identification code 091–1400–0–1–751 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

1001 Direct civilian full-time equivalent employment 214 237 258

Disaster Education Recovery

Federal Funds

Disaster Education Recovery

Program and Financing (in millions of dollars)


Identification code 091–0013–0–1–500 2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Obligations by program activity:
0001 Hurricane Education Recovery 195 186 293



0900 Total new obligations, unexpired accounts (object class 41.0) 195 186 293

Budgetary resources:
Unobligated balance:
1000 Unobligated balance brought forward, Oct 1 1,514 1,479 1,293
Budget authority:
Appropriations, discretionary:
1100 Appropriation 165
1120 Appropriations transferred to other acct [091–0800] –1
1120 Appropriations transferred to other acct [091–1400] –2
1120 Appropriations transferred to other acct [091–0203] –2



1160 Appropriation, discretionary (total) 160
1930 Total budgetary resources available 1,674 1,479 1,293
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
1941 Unexpired unobligated balance, end of year 1,479 1,293 1,000

Change in obligated balance:
Unpaid obligations:
3000 Unpaid obligations, brought forward, Oct 1 947 774 442
3010 New obligations, unexpired accounts 195 186 293
3020 Outlays (gross) –368 –518 –563



3050 Unpaid obligations, end of year 774 442 172
Memorandum (non-add) entries:
3100 Obligated balance, start of year 947 774 442
3200 Obligated balance, end of year 774 442 172

Budget authority and outlays, net:
Discretionary:
4000 Budget authority, gross 160
Outlays, gross:
4010 Outlays from new discretionary authority 1
4011 Outlays from discretionary balances 367 518 563



4020 Outlays, gross (total) 368 518 563
4180 Budget authority, net (total) 160
4190 Outlays, net (total) 368 518 563

Funds support the following six programs authorized under Public Law 115–123: Awards to Eligible Entities for Immediate Aid to Restart School Operations; Temporary Emergency Impact Aid for Displaced Students; Assistance to Local Educational Agencies Serving Homeless Children and Youth enrolled as a result of displacement by a covered disaster or emergency; Project School Emergency Response to Violence activities authorized under section 4631(b) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, as amended; Emergency Assistance to Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) and Students Attending IHEs from an area directly affected by a covered disaster or emergency; and payments to IHEs to help defray the unexpected expenses associated with enrolling students from IHEs at which operations have been disrupted by a covered disaster or emergency. Amounts in this schedule reflect balances that are spending out from prior-year appropriations.

General and Administrative Provisions

GENERAL FUND RECEIPT ACCOUNTS

(in millions of dollars)


2019 actual 2020 est. 2021 est.

Offsetting receipts from the public:
091–143500 General Fund Proprietary Interest Receipts, not Otherwise Classified 2 2 2
091–271810 Federal Family Education Loan Program, Negative Subsidies: Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO 467
091–271830 Federal Family Education Loan Program, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies 2,099 6,865
091–274130 College Housing and Academic Facilities Loan, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies 5 48
091–278110 Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Negative Subsidies 7,597 4,107 5,830
091–278110 Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Negative Subsidies: Legislative proposal, subject to PAYGO 4,139
091–278130 Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies 2,309 1,437
091–279430 TEACH Grant Program, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies 1 36
091–279830 Health Education Assistance Loans, Downward Reestimates of Subsidies 34
091–291500 Repayment of Loans, Capital Contributions, Higher Education Activities 90 1,496 971
091–322000 All Other General Fund Proprietary Receipts Including Budget Clearing Accounts 50 47 47
General Fund Offsetting receipts from the public 12,187 14,038 11,456

Intragovernmental payments:
091–388500 Undistributed Intragovernmental Payments and Receivables from Cancelled Accounts 72



General Fund Intragovernmental payments 72

GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 301. No funds appropriated in this Act may be used to prevent the implementation of programs of voluntary prayer and meditation in the public schools.'

(transfer of funds)

SEC. 302. Not to exceed 1 percent of any discretionary funds (pursuant to the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985) which are appropriated for the Department of Education in this Act may be transferred between appropriations, but no such appropriation shall be increased by more than 3 percent by any such transfer: Provided, That the transfer authority granted by this section shall not be used to create any new program or to fund any project or activity for which no funds are provided in this Act: Provided further, That the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate are notified at least 15 days in advance of any transfer.SEC. 303.

(a) An institution of higher education that maintains an endowment fund supported with funds appropriated for title III or V of the HEA for fiscal year 2021 may use the income from that fund to award scholarships to students, subject to the limitation in section 331(c)(3)(B)(i) of the HEA. The use of such income for such purposes, prior to the enactment of this Act, shall be considered to have been an allowable use of that income, subject to that limitation.

(b) Subsection (a) shall be in effect until titles III and V of the HEA are reauthorized.

SEC. 304. Section 114(f) of the HEA (20 U.S.C. 1011c(f)) is amended by striking "2020" and inserting "2021".SEC. 306. Notwithstanding section 302, the Secretary of Education may transfer up to 10 percent of any amounts that are made available to the "Program Administration", "Office for Civil Rights", or "Office of Inspector General" accounts in this Act to the "Information Technology System Modernization and Working Capital Fund" (IT WCF), as authorized by section 1077(b)(1) of title X of division A of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018: Provided, That any amounts transferred to the IT WCF shall remain available for 3 fiscal years: Provided further, That the Secretary shall notify the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives at least 15 days in advance of any such transfer. SEC. 307. Section 402H(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a-18(b)) is amended —

(a) in paragraph (2) —

(1) by striking "shall" and inserting "may" in the material before clause (i) in subparagraph (A); and

(2) by inserting "the rigorous evaluation of the programs authorized by this chapter, which may also include" after "primary purpose" in subparagraph (B); and

(b) by striking paragraph (3) in its entirety and redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3).

SEC. 308. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary may reserve not more than 0.5 percent from any amount made available in this Act for an HEA program, except for any amounts made available for subpart 1 of part A of title IV of the HEA, to carry out rigorous and independent evaluations and to collect and analyze outcome data for any program authorized by the HEA: Provided, That no funds made available in this Act for the "Student Aid Administration" account shall be subject to the reservation under this section: Provided further, That any funds reserved under this section shall be available through September 30, 2022: Provided further, That if, under any other provision of law, funds are authorized to be reserved or used for evaluation activities with respect to a program or project, the Secretary may also reserve funds for such program or project for the purposes described in this section so long as the total reservation of funds for such program or project does not exceed any statutory limits on such reservations: Provided further, That not later than 10 days prior to the initial obligation of funds reserved under this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions of the Senate, and the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives a plan that identifies the source and amount of funds reserved under this section, the impact on program grantees if funds are withheld for the purposes of this section, and the activities to be carried out with such funds.

(Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2020.)